{"id":8845,"date":"2014-11-05T21:14:34","date_gmt":"2014-11-05T21:14:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/?p=8845"},"modified":"2020-11-04T23:48:08","modified_gmt":"2020-11-04T23:48:08","slug":"margaret-atwood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/?p=8845","title":{"rendered":"Margaret Atwood"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/esl-bits.net\/ESL.English.Learning.Audiobooks\/Handmaids%20Tale\/preview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-39033\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/h-tale.jpeg\" alt=\"h-tale\" width=\"198\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/h-tale.jpeg 198w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/h-tale-180x300.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/h-tale-90x150.jpeg 90w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Born in Ottawa, Ontario, in 1939, she is Canada&#8217;s most eminent novelist and poet, and also writes short stories, critical studies, screenplays, radio scripts and books for children, her works having been translated into over 30 languages. Her reviews and critical articles have appeared in various eminent magazines and she has also edited many books, including\u00a0<em>The New Oxford Book of Canadian Verse in English<\/em>\u00a0(1983) and, with Robert Weaver,\u00a0<em>The Oxford Book of Canadian Short Stories in English<\/em>\u00a0(1986).<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Her first publication was a book of poetry,\u00a0<em>The Circle Game<\/em>\u00a0(1964), which received the Governor General&#8217;s Literary Award for Poetry (Canada). Several more poetry collections have followed since, including\u00a0<em>Interlunar<\/em>\u00a0(1988),\u00a0<em>Morning in the Burned House<\/em>\u00a0(1995) and the latest,\u00a0<em>Eating Fire: \u2192<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.luminarium.org\/contemporary\/atwood\/atwoodpoetry.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Selected Poetry\u21d0<\/a>, 1965-1995<\/strong><\/em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>(1998).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Also a short story writer, her books of short fiction include\u00a0<strong><em>Dancing Girls and Other Stories\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>(1982),\u00a0<em>Wilderness Tips<\/em>\u00a0(1991), and\u00a0<em>Good Bones<\/em>\u00a0(1992).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">She is perhaps best known, however, for her novels, in which she creates strong, often enigmatic, women characters and excels in telling open-ended stories, while dissecting contemporary urban life and sexual politics. Her first novel was\u00a0<em>The Edible Woman<\/em>\u00a0(1969), about a woman who cannot eat and feels that she is being eaten. This was followed by:\u00a0<em>Surfacing<\/em>\u00a0(1973), which deals with a woman&#8217;s investigation into her father&#8217;s disappearance;\u00a0<em>Lady Oracle<\/em>\u00a0(1977);\u00a0<em>Life Before Man\u00a0<\/em>(1980);\u00a0<em>Bodily Harm<\/em>\u00a0(1982), the story of Rennie Wilford, a young journalist recuperating on a Caribbean island; and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.freebestbook.com\/Classics\/the_handmaids_tale.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>The Handmaid&#8217;s Tale<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u21d0(1986), a futuristic novel describing a woman&#8217;s struggle to break free from her role. Her latest novels have been:<strong>\u00a0\u2192<a href=\"http:\/\/www.myepub.com\/101\/index_split_000.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Cat&#8217;s Eye<\/em><\/a>\u21d0<\/strong>(1989), dealing with the subject of bullying among young girls;\u00a0<em>The Robber Bride<\/em>\u00a0(1993);\u00a0<em>Alias Grace<\/em>\u00a0(1996), the tale of a woman who is convicted for her involvement in two murders about which she claims to have no memory;\u00a0<em>The Blind Assassin<\/em>\u00a0(2000), a multi-layered family memoir; and\u00a0<em>Oryx and Crake<\/em>\u00a0(2003), a vision of a scientific dystopia, which\u00a0was shortlisted for the 2003 Man Booker Prize for Fiction and\u00a0for the 2004 Orange Prize for Fiction.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Recent books are:\u00a0<em>The Door<\/em>\u00a0(2007), a collection of poetry;\u00a0<em>Payback<\/em>\u00a0(2008), a collection of lectures about debt; and\u00a0<em>The Year of the Flood<\/em>\u00a0(2009), her latest novel. In 2011, she published a book of essays about science-fiction, entitled\u00a0<em>In Other Worlds: Science Fiction and The Human Imagination.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">http:\/\/literature.britishcouncil.org\/margaret-atwood<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a4\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.luminarium.org\/contemporary\/atwood\/dancing.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dancing Girls <\/a>\u00a0 \u21d0(short stories) \u00a0\u21d3<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00abThe War in the Bathroom\u00bb <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright  wp-image-30043\" src=\"http:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/dancing_G.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"193\" height=\"196\" \/><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>The Man from Mars<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>Polarities<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>Under Glass<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>The Grave of the Famous Poet<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00abHair Jewellery\u00bb<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00abRape Fantasies\u00bb\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>When It Happens<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>A Travel Piece<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>The Resplendent Quetzal<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>Training<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>Lives of the Poets<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>Dancing Girls<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab<strong>Giving Birth<\/strong>\u00ab<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u2022\u2192 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/%E2%80%A2-%C2%A0Rape-Fantasies.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Rape Fantasies<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u2190[6 pages) \u00a0\u2193 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=10&amp;ved=0CH8QFjAJ&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eng.fju.edu.tw%2FLiterary_Criticism%2Ffeminism%2FRape_Fantasies.ppt&amp;ei=MR5bUq-qIoOXtAbu44G4Bw&amp;usg=AFQjCNF70pUHzbxdcWGvMOJ2uu-MaPnaLg&amp;sig2=e12iGChAdafj0AxEdXogLA\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Rape Fantasies\u00a0&#8211; Margaret Atwood<\/span><\/a>\u2190 PPT<\/span><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The story centers around its narrator, a woman named Estelle, discussing her feelings and\u00a0<a title=\"Rape fantasy\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rape_fantasy\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">fantasies on rape<\/span><\/a>. She recounts a story about her lunch break with her co-workers, where they discuss their fantasies of rape over a card game. While her friends all have romanticized rape fantasies, Estelle breaks the trend by having humorous turns of events in her fantasies that help her thwart the rape attempt. In her stories she manages to escape rape in many ways, from having the rapist help her get lemon juice to squirt in his eyes, to helping the rapist get to the bottom of his emotional problems. Concerned that her rape fantasies are abnormal, she continues to share more and more stories, none involving an actual rape.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Here&#8217;s a phrase you&#8217;ll often come across in this story: <em>\u00ab&#8230;he grabbed my arm&#8230;\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>&#8216;GRAB&#8217;<\/strong> = to take hold of (something or someone) suddenly and roughly; to take or have quickly.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Listen to the first two pages \u00a0\u2193<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OcFwwATsuGA\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\">The way they\u02bcre going on about it in the magazines you\u02bcd think it was just\u00a0invented, and not only that but it\u02bcs something terrific, like a vaccine for cancer. They put\u00a0it in capital letters on the front cover, and inside they have these questionnaires like the\u00a0ones they used to have about whether you were a good enough wife or an endomorph\u00a0or an ectomorph, remember that? with the scoring upside down on page 73, and then\u00a0these numbered do-it-yourself dealies, you know? RAPE, TEN THINGS TO DO\u00a0ABOUT IT, like it was ten new hairdos or something. I mean, what\u02bcs so new about it?\u00a0So at work they all have to talk about it because no matter what magazine you open,\u00a0there it is, staring you right between the eyes, and they\u02bcre beginning to have it on the \u00a0television, too. Personally I\u02bcd prefer a June Allyson movie anytime but they don\u02bct make\u00a0them any more and they don\u02bct even have them that much on the Late Show. For\u00a0instance, day before yesterday, that would be Wednesday, thank god it\u02bcs Friday\u00a0as they say, we were sitting around in the women\u02bcs lunch room\u2014the lunch room, I\u00a0mean you\u02bcd think you could get some peace and quiet in there\u2014and Chrissy closes up\u00a0the magazine she\u02bcs been reading and says,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"color: #003300;\">\u201cHow about it, girls, do you have rape fantasies?\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\">The four of us were having our game of bridge the way we always do, and I had a bare\u00a0twelve points counting the singleton with not that much of a bid in anything. So I said\u00a0one club, hoping Sondra would remember about the one club convention, because the\u00a0time before when I used that she thought I really meant clubs and she bid us up to\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #003300;\">three, and all I had was four little ones with nothing higher than a six, and we went\u00a0down two and on top of that we were vulnerable. She is not the world\u02bcs best bridge\u00a0player. I mean, neither am I but there\u02bcs a limit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\">Darlene passed but the damage was done, Sondra\u02bcs head went round like it was on\u00a0ball bearings and she said, <em>\u201cWhat fantasies?\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cRape fantasies,\u201d<\/em> Chrissy said. She\u02bcs a receptionist and she looks like one; she\u02bcs pretty\u00a0but cool as a cucumber, like she\u02bcs been painted all over with nail polish, if you know\u00a0what I mean. Varnished. <em>\u201cIt says here all women have rape fantasies.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cFor Chrissake, I\u02bcm eating an egg sandwich,\u201d<\/em> I said, <em>\u201cand I bid one club and Darlene\u00a0passed.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cYou mean, like some guy jumping you in an alley or something,\u201d<\/em> Sondra said. She\u00a0was eating her lunch, we all eat our lunches during the game, and she bit into a piece\u00a0of that celery she always brings and started to chew away on it with this thoughtful\u00a0expression in her eyes and I knew we might as well pack it in as far as the game was\u00a0concerned.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cYeah, sort of like that,<\/em>\u201d Chrissy said. She was blushing a little, you could see it even\u00a0under her makeup.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cI don\u02bct think you should go out alone at night,\u201d<\/em> Darlene said, <em>\u201cyou put yourself in a\u00a0position,\u00bb<\/em> and I may have been mistaken but she was looking at me. She\u02bcs the oldest,\u00a0she\u02bcs forty-one though you wouldn\u02bct know it and neither does she, but I looked it up in\u00a0the employees\u02bc file. I like to guess a person\u02bcs age and then look it up to see if I\u02bcm right.\u00a0I let myself have an extra pack of cigarettes if I am, though I\u02bcm trying to cut down.\u00a0I figure it\u02bcs harmless as long as you don\u02bct tell. I mean, not everyone has access to that\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #003300;\">file, it\u02bcs more or less confidential. But it\u02bcs all right if I tell you, I don\u02bct expect you\u02bcll ever\u00a0meet her, though you never know, it\u02bcs a small world. Anyway.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cFor heaven\u02bcs sake, it\u02bcs only Toronto,\u201d<\/em> Greta said. She worked in Detroit for three years\u00a0and she never lets you forget it, it\u02bcs like she thinks she\u02bcs a war hero or something, we\u00a0should all admire her just for the fact that she\u02bcs still walking this earth, though she was\u00a0really living in Windsor the whole time, she just worked in Detroit. Which for me\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #003300;\">doesn\u02bct really count [ . . . ]<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cWell,\u201d<\/em> Greta said, \u201c<em>I sometimes think about, you know my apartment? It\u02bcs got this\u00a0little balcony, I like to sit out there in the summer and I have a few plants out there. I\u00a0never bother that much about locking the door to the balcony, it\u02bcs one of those sliding\u00a0glass ones, I\u02bcm on the eighteenth floor for heaven\u02bcs sake, I\u02bcve got a good view of the\u00a0lake and the CN Tower. But I\u02bcm sitting around one night in my\u00a0housecoat, watching TV with my shoes off, you know how you do, and I see this guy\u02bcs\u00a0feet, coming down past the window, and the next thing you know he\u02bcs standing on the\u00a0balcony, he\u02bcs let himself down by a rope with a hook on the end of it from the floor\u00a0above, that\u02bcs the nineteenth, and before I can even get up off the chesterfield he\u02bcs\u00a0<\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>inside the apartment. He\u02bcs all dressed in black with black gloves on\u201d<\/em>\u2014I knew right\u00a0away what show she got the black gloves off because I saw the same one\u2014<em>\u201cand then\u00a0he, well, you know.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cYou know what?\u201d<\/em> Chrissy said, but Greta said, <em>\u201cAnd afterwards he tells me that he\u00a0goes all over the outside of the apartment building like that, from one floor to another,\u00a0with his rope and his hook\u2026 and then he goes out to the balcony and tosses his rope,\u00a0and he climbs up it and disappears.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #003300;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cJust like Tarzan,\u201d<\/em> I said, but nobody laughed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cIs that all?<\/em>\u201d Chrissy said. <em>\u201cDon\u02bct you ever think about, well, I think about being in the\u00a0bathtub, with no clothes on\u2026\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><em>\u201cSo who takes a bath in their clothes?\u201d<\/em> I said, you have to admit it\u02bcs stupid when you\u00a0come to think of it, but she just went on . . .<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Read &amp; listen . . .<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/esl-bits.net\/ESL.English.Listening.Short.Stories\/Stone.Mattress\/01\/design.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-51580\" src=\"http:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Stone-Matress.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"181\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Stone-Matress.jpg 181w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Stone-Matress-98x150.jpg 98w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 181px) 100vw, 181px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u2666 \u00a0&#8216;Our Cat Enters Heaven&#8217; \u00a0\u21d3 [Toronto &#8230; from count 2&#8217;30\u00bb]<\/span><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Vqg1sXkVhLQ\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Our cat was raptured up to heaven. He\u2019d never liked heights, so he tried to sink his claws into whatever invisible snake, giant hand, or eagle was causing him to rise in this manner, but he had no luck.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">When he got to heaven, it was a large field. There were a lot of little pink things running around that he thought at first were mice. Then he saw God sitting in a tree. Angels were flying here and there with their fluttering white wings; they were making sounds like doves. Every once in a while God would reach out with its large furry paw and snatch one of them out of the air and crunch it up [&#8230;] The ground under the tree was littered with bitten-off angel wings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Our cat went politely over to the tree.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;Meow<\/em>,&#8217; said our cat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;Meow,&#8217;<\/em> said God. Actually it was more like a roar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;I always thought you were a cat,&#8217;<\/em> said our cat, &#8216;<em>but I wasn\u2019t sure.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;In heaven all things are revealed<\/em>,&#8217; said God. &#8216;<em>This is the form in which I choose to appear to you.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;I\u2019m glad you aren\u2019t a dog<\/em>,&#8217; said our cat. &#8216;<em>Do you think I could have my testicles back?&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;Of course,&#8217;<\/em> said God. &#8216;<em>They\u2019re over behind that bush.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Our cat&#8217;s always known his testicles\u00a0meant to be\u00a0somewhere. One day, waking up from those very\u00a0bad dreams, he found damned God. He&#8217;d looked everywhere for them: under sofas, under beds, inside [&#8230;?] and all the time never here, in heaven. He went over to the bush and sure enough there they were&#8230; The reattached [&#8230;?]\u00a0immediately. \u00a0Our cat was very pleased. &#8216;<em>Thank you,&#8217;<\/em> he said to God.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">God was washing its elegant long whiskers. &#8216;<em>De rien,&#8217;<\/em> said God.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;Would it be possible for me to help you catch some of those angels?&#8217;<\/em> said our cat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;You never liked heights,&#8217;<\/em> said God, stretching itself out along the branch, in the sunlight. I forgot to say there was sunlight.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;True,&#8217;<\/em> said our cat. &#8216;<em>I never did.&#8217;\u00a0<\/em>There were a few disconcerting episodes he preferred to forget.<em>\u00a0&#8216;Well, how about some of those mice?&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;They aren\u2019t mice,&#8217;<\/em> said God. &#8216;<em>But catch as many as you like. Don\u2019t kill them right away. Make them suffer.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;You mean, play with them?&#8217;<\/em> said our cat. &#8216;<em>I used to get in trouble for that.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;It\u2019s a question of semantics,&#8217;<\/em> said God. &#8216;<em>You won\u2019t get in trouble for that here.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Our cat chose to ignore this remark, as he did not know what <em>\u201csemantics\u201d<\/em> was. He did not intend to make a fool of himself. &#8216;<em>If they aren\u2019t mice, what are they?&#8217;<\/em> he said. Already he\u2019d pounced on one. He held it down under his paw. It was kicking, and uttering tiny shrieks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;They\u2019re the souls of human beings who have been bad on Earth,&#8217;<\/em> said God, half-closing its yellowy-green eyes. &#8216;<em>Now if you don\u2019t mind, it\u2019s time for my nap.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;What are they doing in heaven, then?&#8217;<\/em> said our cat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><em>&#8216;Our heaven is their hell,&#8217; said God. &#8216;I like a balanced universe.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0398 \u00a0\u00abNight Poem\u00bb \u2193<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GRkjhe_QREg\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">Night Poem<br \/>\nThere is nothing to be afraid of,<br \/>\nit is only the wind<br \/>\nchanging to the east, it is only<br \/>\nyour father the thunder<br \/>\nyour mother the rain<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">In this country of water<br \/>\nwith its beige moon damp as a mushroom,<br \/>\nits drowned stumps and long birds<br \/>\nthat swim, where the moss grows<br \/>\non all sides of the trees<br \/>\nand your shadow is not your shadow<br \/>\nbut your reflection,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">your true parents disappear<br \/>\nwhen the curtain covers your door.<br \/>\nWe are the others,<br \/>\nthe ones from under the lake<br \/>\nwho stand silently beside your bed<br \/>\nwith our heads of darkness.<br \/>\nWe have come to cover you<br \/>\nwith red wool,<br \/>\nwith our tears and distant whipers.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">You rock in the rain&#8217;s arms<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">the chilly ark of your sleep,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">while we wait, your night<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">father and mother<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">with our cold hands and dead flashlight,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">knowing we are only<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">the wavering shadows thrown<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">by one candle, in this echo<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">you will hear twenty years later.<\/address>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0398 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YnUtLtXMmrY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00abYou begin\u00bb<\/a>\u00a0\u21d0<\/strong><\/h6>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">You begin this way:<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">this is your hand, this is your eye, that is a fish, blue and flat on the paper, almost the shape of an eye.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">This is your mouth, this is an O or a moon, whichever you like. This is yellow.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">Outside the window is the rain, green because it is summer,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">and beyond that the trees and then the world,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">which is round and has only the colors of these nine crayons.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">This is the world, which is fuller and more difficult to learn than I have said.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">You are right to smudge it that way with the red and then the orange: the world burns.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">Once you have learned these words you will learn that there are more words than you can ever learn.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">The word <i>hand<\/i> floats above your hand like a small cloud over a lake.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">The word <i>hand<\/i> anchors your hand to this table,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">your hand is a warm stone I hold between two words.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">This is your hand, these are my hands,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">this is the world, which is round but not flat and has more colors than we can see.<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">It begins, it has an end,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">this is what you will come back to,<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: center;\">this is your hand.<\/address>\n<p><strong>\u0398 \u00a0\u00abFlying Inside Your Own Body\u00bb \u00a0\u2193<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/J_RvgUYc8Es\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Your lungs fill &amp; spread themselves,<br \/>\nwings of pink blood, and your bones<br \/>\nempty themselves and become hollow.<br \/>\nWhen you breathe in you\u2019ll lift like a balloon<br \/>\nand your heart is light too &amp; huge,<br \/>\nbeating with pure joy, pure helium.<br \/>\nThe sun\u2019s white winds blow through you,<br \/>\nthere\u2019s nothing above you,<br \/>\nyou see the earth now as an oval jewel,<br \/>\nradiant &amp; seablue with love.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">It\u2019s only in dreams you can do this.<br \/>\nWaking, your heart is a shaken fist,<br \/>\na fine dust clogs the air you breathe in;<br \/>\nthe sun\u2019s a hot copper weight pressing straight<br \/>\ndown on the think pink rind of your skull.<br \/>\nIt\u2019s always the moment just before gunshot.<br \/>\nYou try &amp; try to rise but you cannot.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">* * *<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0398 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.poemhunter.com\/poem\/the-moment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00abThe Moment\u00bb<\/a>\u00a0 \u21d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The moment when, after many years<br \/>\nof hard work and a long voyage<br \/>\nyou stand in the centre of your room,<br \/>\nhouse, half-acre, square mile, island, country,<br \/>\nknowing at last how you got there,<br \/>\nand say, I own this,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">is the same moment when the trees unloose<br \/>\ntheir soft arms from around you,<br \/>\nthe birds take back their language,<br \/>\nthe cliffs fissure and collapse,<br \/>\nthe air moves back from you like a wave<br \/>\nand you can&#8217;t breathe.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">No, they whisper. You own nothing.<br \/>\nYou were a visitor, time after time<br \/>\nclimbing the hill, planting the flag, proclaiming.<br \/>\nWe never belonged to you.<br \/>\nYou never found us.<br \/>\nIt was always the other way round.<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"yt\" style=\"color: #222222;\">\u2022\u2192\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymotion.com\/video\/xqylgv_siren-song-by-margaret-atwood-poetry-reading_shortfilms?start=93\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cSiren Song\u201d<\/a>\u21d0<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u2022\u2192<a href=\"http:\/\/www.poemhunter.com\/poem\/bored\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00abBored\u00bb<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>(poem)\u00a0\u21d2<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=JzHw3NCY5X4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vid<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>\u2207 \u00a0 One on One \u00a0\u2193 \u00a0[doc]<\/h5>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rn2pq3SiqHc\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a4\u00a0 The Neurology of Reading<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reading may have evolved from early hunters\u2019 skills of interpreting animal tracks, which allowed them to find food and determine whether they themselves were being hunted. <strong>Listen<\/strong> to Margaret&#8217;s views on reading \u00a0\u21d3<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/bigthink.com\/videos\/the-neurology-of-reading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-8846 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/atwood.gif\" alt=\"atwood\" width=\"133\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/atwood.gif 133w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/atwood-101x150.gif 101w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 133px) 100vw, 133px\" \/><\/a><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Question:<\/strong>\u00a0What is happening in the brain when we read?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>The neurology of reading is another thing that people are writing about and investigating a lot.\u00a0 That is, what is happening in your brain when you read?\u00a0 It turns out because I know a friend who had this kind of stroke that you can have a kind of stroke that makes it possible for you to write, you can still write, but you can\u2019t read what you\u2019ve just written.\u00a0 So reading and writing you would think would be in the same little box in the brain, but they\u2019re not.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anything that we do is built on a pre-existing brain platform or program which is then adapted for other uses.\u00a0 So language is pretty old and it\u2019s also built-in.\u00a0 So children arrive in the world and then they pick up language just by being around other people who are talking.\u00a0 Nobody sits down and teaches them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reading, on the other hand, you will not pick up unless somebody spend some time with you, and writing is even \u2013 writing by hand is apparently even harder.\u00a0 So what are the platforms that these things are built on, and it has been proposed that reading is built on very ancient program that had to do with reading animal tracks.\u00a0 So what you\u2019re doing is you\u2019re looking for visual signs made by somebody else and you are interpreting those back into a story that originally, of course, allowed you to track the animal or to figure out if the animal was tracking you.\u00a0 Equally important.\u00a0 You were able to tell what was around in your vicinity by reading those tracks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So what are those marks we make?\u00a0 What are those marks on a sheet of paper, piece of stone, clay tablet?\u00a0 They\u2019re like animal tracks in that we look at them; we translate them back into something which is language.\u00a0 And that language can be put together in our brains to tell a story, create a poem, whatever the writing may have been.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As for the writing, those are the tracks we make.\u00a0 So that\u2019s probably based on some sort of display or marking program.\u00a0 And that too is pretty old.\u00a0 And if you go back to cave paintings, those \u2013 the hand prints on the cave, drawings on the cave, the markings, the pieces of stone or bone that they\u2019ve now found with rhythmic scratches on them.\u00a0 They\u2019re all forms of signaling, so it took awhile for that to become what we now know as alphabets or language systems, but it probably all had its origins in that form of marking.\u00a0 And somebody has a theory that all of the alphabets are taken from natural \u2013 that they had their origins in natural signs, pictographs depicting natural things.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Recorded 9\/21\/2010 \u00a0&#8211; \u00a0Interviewed by Max Miller<\/em><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u03a6\u00a0 A conversation with the author _(read &amp; listen) \u00a0\u21d3<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/bigthink.com\/videos\/big-think-interview-with-margaret-atwood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-31321\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/Margaret-Atwood.jpg\" alt=\"Margaret-Atwood\" width=\"142\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/Margaret-Atwood.jpg 142w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/Margaret-Atwood-74x150.jpg 74w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\" \/><\/a><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Question:<\/strong>\u00a0 Does technology scare you?<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0First of all, The Year of the Flood is about a future in which, due to a man-made virus, to which nobody has any immunity, the human population has dwindled to almost nothing.\u00a0 And of course, in books like this, it can never be really nothing because we have to have somebody in the story we are following.\u00a0 People ask me: \u00abIs this science fiction or what is it?\u00bb\u00a0 And I say, well you can think of all science fiction as a great big banner and then you can think of subsets.\u00a0 And the science fiction proper subset involved things that we can\u2019t do right now, such as be in a galaxy far away.<br \/>\nSpeculative Fiction involves things that we can do right now, so I would call my book speculative fiction stretched a bit.\u00a0 It\u2019s made from components that we already have, but those are pushed forward into the future and expanded.\u00a0 A\u00a0 lot of my Twitter followers send me strange science stories that they think fit in with my book, and I have to say, there are more and more of them coming along and we do now have the ability to do a man-made virus.\u00a0 And we certainly have the ability to, to change or morph viruses that we already have, that is scary.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Will anyone deploy this? You can\u2019t actually deploy it unless you\u2019re willing to take out your own side.\u00a0 So people doing biological warfare plans, and of course there are some, have to take that into consideration and probably unless you wanted to self-destruct you wouldn\u2019t do that unless you\u2019ve already developed an antidote for yourself.<br \/>\nSo the question is, is there going to be anybody both knowledgeable enough and angry enough at the human race to do that?\u00a0 That\u2019s a big question and I am not the only person who has thought that this might be a possibility.\u00a0 Bottom line is we\u2019ve got the tools.\u00a0 Good part is, we\u2019ve had atomic bombs for many decades now and we have not yet blown up the planet with them.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0Why does apocalyptic fiction become popular in waves?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0Okay, I think there\u2019s two kinds of novels under discussion.\u00a0 One is the \u00abustopia,\u00bb which is a combination of utopia and dystopia.\u00a0 Generally they turn out to be pretty much almost the same thing.\u00a0 And the other one is what you call an apocalypse.\u00a0 So one is about controlled societies, the other is about total breakdown.\u00a0 And you\u2019re talking about the total breakdown thing.\u00a0 It seems to be so that they often come at turns of centuries.\u00a0 But they also often come when people have suddenly realized that things may not necessarily go on along the same set of assumptions that they have been going on for the last little while.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So I think what\u2019s kicked off these ones is the realization that global warming is here and is already having consequences, and we\u2019re going to have to either adapt to those consequences, or they\u2019re going to be some pretty horrific social consequences; social and environmental consequences which turn out to be connected at the hip.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0Why write speculative fiction?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0I grew up with it, so I\u2019ve read \u00ab1984\u00bb probably three years after it was first published.\u00a0 I read \u00abBrave New World\u00bb around that time in my life.\u00a0 I read a book called \u00abDarkness and Noon,\u00bb which is actually not speculative fiction or science fiction, it\u2019s life in the purges of the Soviet Union, but it read to me very much like that kind of book.\u00a0 And I just&#8230; growing up in the &#8217;40s, I was still in the golden age of sci-fi, and I just knew it.\u00a0 So I also did some work on it earlier in my life and I guess I always wanted to write a book like that.\u00a0 And the first one that I wrote was called \u00abThe Handmaid\u2019s Tale.\u00bb\u00a0 And I wanted, among other things, to try to solve the problem that those kinds of book have, which I call the tour of the garbage disposal plant, in which the person says to the visiting character, \u201cWell in your day, you did this terribly inefficient thing, but now we have this wonderful garbage disposal plant.\u201d\u00a0 And there\u2019s a lot of exposition like that and I want to be able to tell the story like that without those big chunks of exposition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So partly it was a challenge, but partly it was also a number of burning issues that have now become even more burning.\u00a0 And it was the same with \u00abMad Adam Trilogy,\u00bb which begins with Oryx and Crake and we save the world of the future from within a privileged environment.\u00a0 Our narrator, Jimmy, is of that environment, though not good at it.\u00a0 And in \u00abYear of the Flood,\u00bb we move outside the privileged part of that society into a pretty criminal level of it which, nonetheless, contains the very high-minded cult of the God\u2019s Gardeners.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And in this future genetic modification is not only the only problem, we are also in an age of advanced climate change, for instance, which will bring with it a whole bunch of other problems that people are just beginning to think about that figure out.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0I understand you brought along an artifact inspired by \u00abThe Year of the Flood.\u00bb What is it?<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\nMargaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>Yes, my artifact is in fact this wonderful hat, which was made last year for a performance of :The Year of the Flood\u00bb when we were launching the book.\u00a0 We did performances and had music and dramatic elements and narration.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The God\u2019s Gardeners recycle everything, so we have the hat that is twisted newspaper, it\u2019s cardboard, this is plastic bags and we have the little plastic bag bow at the back.\u00a0 And the Kingston, Ontario, production of this thing, they made all the costumes.\u00a0 And they\u2019ve all got hats like this.\u00a0 Since we\u2019re traveling in Japan and recreating it all there, I\u2019ve got the hat with me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Question:\u00a0<\/strong>Why do the God\u2019s Gardeners shun technology?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>Well, in \u00abThe Year of the Flood,\u00bb the Gardeners, a green recycling group, don\u2019t use any technology.\u00a0 That\u2019s their story.\u00a0 And the reason they don\u2019t use it is that if you can see it, it can see you.\u00a0 It\u2019s very leaky in that way.\u00a0 And one thing that people are using this kind of technology for is spying on other people.\u00a0 So security is a big issue.\u00a0 If you don\u2019t want other people to read your emails, don\u2019t send them.\u00a0 Number one.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Question:<\/strong>\u00a0Why does Twitter appeal to you?<br \/>\n<\/em><strong><br \/>\nMargaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0Twitter is a very interesting phenomenon because you get all kinds of things going on and it\u2019s not just one thing.\u00a0 You have people writing Haiku on it.\u00a0 You have people yelling at other people and they probably should realize that Twittering is publishing.\u00a0 And you can end up with a libel suit on their hands.\u00a0 That hasn\u2019t quite sunk in, in some areas, but it\u2019s true; so is blogging.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So people are interacting in these unprecedented sorts of ways that were not possible before the invention of social media like this.\u00a0 And we\u2019re in the early stages of it.\u00a0 The good sides of it are, for instance, if you want the answers to a question and you put it out there, you\u2019ll get the answers.\u00a0 Some of them may be wrong, but you\u2019ll get a whole bunch of answers and then you can then sift through them and see which ones fit your question.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If you want help with something, and people often send out cries for help for their various causes over Twitter, it works with that too.\u00a0 So there are all kinds of good uses for it and everything has a dark side; there are bad uses for it too.\u00a0 It doesn\u2019t depend on the technology, it depends on the users, but the technology does facilitate a kind of instant communication that can just go viral and become a new story.<br \/>\nSo Twitter is now part of the news.\u00a0 Twitter is not part of people making news.\u00a0 And all of the news outlets have got their blogs and online versions and Twitter feeds.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What makes for a good tweet?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>There\u2019s all kinds of good tweets.\u00a0 Some of them are just people replying to other people\u2019s questions.\u00a0 Sometimes you get a joke going.\u00a0 For instance during the Canadian Olympics, the Canadians were saying, \u201cown the podium,\u201d and I put out something that said, \u201cOh, it\u2019s a brash to say&#8230; it\u2019s a bit un-Canadian, it\u2019s a bit brash to say, &#8216;own the podium,&#8217; what do you suggest?\u201d\u00a0 And the Twitter folks piled all these pretty hilarious suggestions that they could follow by a hash tag that said, &#8216;@podium.&#8217;\u00a0 So they were saying things like, \u201cA podium for me meant the podium, \u201cMaybe squeeze over a bit so I can just snuggle up to the podium.\u201d\u00a0 So they went on like that for a while.\u00a0 And right now, we seem to be proposing a turnip for the Prime Minister due to a remark made in an article saying, \u201cI would vote for a turnip if it were transparent, accountable, listened to people, and wasn\u2019t Parliamentary Democrat.\u201d\u00a0 So the turnip is now under some pressure to become a write-in candidate or possibly form its own party.\u00a0 But being a vegetable, it\u2019s taking a bit of time to think this over.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Meanwhile, we are learning a bit about it, this turnip, its likes and dislikes.\u00a0 And it did go to a publishing lunch today to discuss its book deal.<br \/>\nHe\u2019s not usually this spiffy-looking.\u00a0 He put on his special New York outfit to go to the publishing lunch.\u00a0 You can see it looks a bit like a cabbage, but that\u2019s what\u2019s in this season for turnips.\u00a0 And he did have a nice lunch and I think he\u2019s going to my reading and interview tonight at the the 92nd Street Y and I think he\u2019ll be in Portland, Oregon talking to Ursula Le Guin, and I think he\u2019s going to Portsmouth, New Hampshire where he hopes to meet with Stephen King.\u00a0 I shouldn\u2019t say \u00abhe\u00bb because he doesn\u2019t actually have a gender.\u00a0 I should say, \u00abit.\u00bb\u00a0 He&#8217;s an all round candidate.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What do you make of the need to perform one\u2019s life on Twitter and Facebook?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0Well it is just an extension of the diary.\u00a0 And there is a wonderful book called, \u00abThe Assassin\u2019s Cloak,\u00bb which takes diary entries from all centuries and arranges them according to day of the year.\u00a0 So you can turn to January the 1st and there will be an entry from Lord Byron, and there will be one from somebody during World War II, and there will be one from Brian Eno.\u00a0 And then on January 2, there will be somebody else.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">People used to perform their lives this way to themselves in their diaries, and also through letters to other people.\u00a0 So for me, anything that happens in social media is an extension of stuff we were already doing in some other way.\u00a0 So, it\u2019s all human communication.\u00a0 And the form that most closely resembles the \u201ctweet\u201d is the telegram of old, which also was limited because you paid by the letter.\u00a0 And so short communications very rapidly sent.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So all of these things, the postal service, et cetera, they\u2019re all improvements, if you like, or modernizations of things that already existed earlier in some other form.\u00a0 Even African tribal drums, for instance, could send very complex messages over great distances.\u00a0 They were very rapid, they were very well-worked out and communications could just go like wildfire using that medium of communications.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So all of this stuff is what we do now, but it\u2019s not different in nature from what we have always done, which is communicate with one another, send messages to one another, and perform our lives.\u00a0 We\u2019ve been doing that for a long time.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0But it\u2019s no longer just about sending a message; it\u2019s about being seen sending a message, right?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0It\u2019s very interesting.\u00a0 Once upon a time in social lives, say before the 19th century, people coded themselves or were coded by the authorities according to their clothing.\u00a0 Unless they differentiated themselves that way or they were differentiated, people were forbidden to wear this or that or the other things and they had to wear this or that or the other thing.\u00a0 And therefore, it was a visual performance for the benefit of anybody looking at them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And we have reduced clothing, I think, to a much more horizon&#8230; it\u2019s much more horizontal.\u00a0 You can\u2019t tell by looking at somebody what level of society they come from unless it\u2019s really at the bottom or really at the top.\u00a0 The kind of jeans and&#8230; the jeans outfit is pretty ubiquitous.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So maybe we feel the need to perform ourselves in some other way. And if you think that what goes up on people\u2019s blogs is really the full content of their lives, of course, you\u2019re quite wrong.\u00a0 It\u2019s what they\u2019re doing in the spotlight.\u00a0 It\u2019s their turn.\u00a0 And this spotlight they can shine it on themselves and they can go in there and sort of dance about and create a persona for themselves.\u00a0 Of course it\u2019s not the whole story.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Question:<\/strong>\u00a0How do you begin working on a new book?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0Okay, where does a book come from?\u00a0 People have been thinking about that for a long time.\u00a0 How do you begin?\u00a0 How do you get into it?\u00a0 I would say that if you\u2019re not finding this happens somewhat spontaneously, you probably shouldn\u2019t be doing this activity.\u00a0 I mean, a lot of people say, \u201cI want to be a writer.\u201d\u00a0 And you say, \u201cWell, what do you want to write?\u201d\u00a0 And they say, \u201cI don\u2019t know.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So for me, I think it\u2019s not a question of sitting around wondering what I\u2019m going to write.\u00a0 It\u2019s a question of sitting around wondering which of the far-fetched and absurd ideas I\u2019m going to try to tackle.\u00a0 Sometimes, I think I should be a lot safer and less risk-taking and stick to somebody, or something, a little bit more manageable.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But those aren\u2019t the things that appeal to me, unfortunately.\u00a0 I wish I had a formula, I wish I had a way of preceding that would be kind of, you know, this is what Chapter One is always like, and this is what Chapter Two is always like.\u00a0 But it isn\u2019t.\u00a0 I just have to plunge into it.\u00a0 And it\u2019s usually the one&#8230; that the voice of sanity and reason is telling me not to write.\u00a0 It\u2019s usually that one that I end up writing.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What is your writing process?<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>My absolute opening entry is always a handheld object with a point on one end.\u00a0 So it\u2019s going to be either a pencil or a pen.\u00a0 And then it is applied to a flat substance of some kind, which is usually a piece of paper, but could be a piece of cardboard if one\u2019s stuck without the paper.\u00a0 Or even my arm when things get really bad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I think that people should carry notebooks with them at all times just for those moments because there\u2019s nothing worse than having that moment and finding that you\u2019re unable to set it down except with a knife on your leg or something.\u00a0 You actually don\u2019t want to do that.\u00a0 So I recommend the paper and the pencil.\u00a0 Or if you must, some other stylus writing device that provides a permanent record of what you just set down.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When we get a bit further into it, I have to say that I do love the sticky notes.\u00a0 I like them.\u00a0 I like the bedside notebook for those thoughts that are so important at about 12:00 midnight when you wake up in the morning and can\u2019t figure out why you thought that.\u00a0 So all of that goes on.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And then, do you know what a rolling barrage is?\u00a0 A rolling barrage comes from World War I and it\u2019s when you run forward and then crouch down and your side fires over your head.\u00a0 Then you stand up, run forward and your side fires over your head again.\u00a0 If you get the timing wrong, of course, it\u2019s unfortunate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So, I start typing on a computer now.\u00a0 Computers were very helpful for me because I was always a bad typist and a bad speller.\u00a0 I start typing up my handwritten text while I\u2019m still writing it at the back.\u00a0 So the rolling barrage of typing goes on while the writing creeps forward along the ground, if you will.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0How long does it normally take you to write a novel?<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>First of all, there is no normal time that it takes me to write a novel.\u00a0 It very much depends on the length of the novel and how well or badly it\u2019s going.\u00a0 And some of them have taken quite a long time because I have started off on the wrong foot, I have gotten quite far down the path and realized I have to change everything, go back to the beginning, start again, and that can happens several times.\u00a0 So that, of course, takes up time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some of them are quite quick because you\u2019ve started off the right way and you can just roll with it.\u00a0 I don\u2019t know if you\u2019ve every done any white water canoeing, or surfing.\u00a0 But that can be an exhilarating experience, and that\u2019s when the wave is going with you.\u00a0 With white water canoeing, you actually want to go faster than the water and with surfing; you want to go with it.\u00a0 So when that happens, it\u2019s really terrific.\u00a0 But when that doesn\u2019t happen, it could be very frustrating and could take up a lot of time.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0Are you a surfer?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>Am I a surfer?\u00a0\u00a0 Not anymore dear.\u00a0 Not anymore.\u00a0 I would break my neck.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What is the hardest part about writing fiction?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>The hardest part about writing fiction is the part that you know that you have to put in that is expository.\u00a0 You know, you have to get&#8230; it\u2019s like the parts in a stage play where you have to get the characters on and off the stage.\u00a0 So you have to think of some reason why they\u2019re now going to walk off the stage.\u00a0 And then you have to make sure that the timing is right to enable them to get off the stage.\u00a0 So the parts of the novel are the parts when you know there\u2019s stuff the reader has to know, but it\u2019s not very interesting stuff for you to write.\u00a0 Those are the parts that I don\u2019t like and if you\u2019re competent enough, they won\u2019t be able to tell which those parts are, we hope.\u00a0 We\u2019re always hoping.\u00a0 We\u2019re always hoping that the hard parts won\u2019t be found out, if you like.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The other hard part, of course, is when you\u2019ve written a spectacular passage with all kinds of wonderful worlds in it and it\u2019s just great, but it doesn\u2019t fit and you have to take it out. Too bad.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0Do you write poetry as well as to prose because one is better suited for exploring certain topics than the other?<br \/>\n<\/em><strong><br \/>\nMargaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0I write both because nobody every told me not to do it.\u00a0 Whereas I understand for people who go to creative writing schools and things they\u2019re told they really should specialize in one or the other, but since I never did that, I\u2019m too old to have done that, it never occurred to me that I shouldn\u2019t be writing whatever I felt like writing.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">That said, I think it is partly a matter of wavelengths.\u00a0 That is, in a poem, everything is very condensed so the waves are very short.\u00a0 The things that are being rhythmically connected are quite close together.\u00a0 In a short story, they\u2019re a bit further apart, and in a novel, the waves can be like that, and something that you set up on page 100 and reprise on page 200 may not actually culminate until page 300.\u00a0 So it\u2019s different from line four reprising line one and then connecting with line eight.\u00a0 Poems are very condensed, lyric poems.\u00a0\u00a0 If you\u2019re writing a long narrative poem, that\u2019s different.\u00a0 It\u2019s more like a novel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So that\u2019s about all I can tell you about that except that the structure is different because of length.\u00a0 And obviously in a novel you have a lot more time.\u00a0 In fact, novels are about time.\u00a0 Whereas lyric poems are not necessarily about time; novels are always about time.\u00a0 You have a lot more time to develop people\u2019s characters and take them through changes.\u00a0 Novels are about change.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What is Canadian humor like?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0Whenever you see something about Canada mentioned in a U.S. show, there\u2019s bound to be a Canadian involved with it who is making some sort of Canadian joke.\u00a0 And there are quite a few Canadian jokes which are instantly understandable to Canadians and sometimes baffling to other people.\u00a0 Running a turnip for Prime Minister would probably be considered unbecoming levity in many countries. They would never do it, whereas Canadians have a reprehensible habit of making fun of just about everything.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What is the biggest misconception Americans have about Canadians?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0That it&#8217;s always cold.\u00a0 Let me see, what else might they have&#8230; you tell me.\u00a0 You tell me.\u00a0 I\u2019ll tell you a Canadian joke and see if you get it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So it\u2019s not my joke, it\u2019s a joke by somebody called Nancy White who said, \u201cWhat does a Canadian girl say when you ask her if she\u2019d like some sex?\u201d\u00a0 She says, \u201cOnly if you\u2019re having some yourself.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So one of the Canadian jokes is that Canadians have this ultra-politeness, which is not always true.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0How are eBooks changing the way we consume books and media?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0Well eBooks are another method of text delivery.\u00a0 And I did run a&#8230; I ran a blog on this subject sometime ago and it was called \u00abThree Reasons for Keeping Paper Books.\u00bb\u00a0 And the three reasons were:\u00a0 solar flares which would wipe out communications, towers, and also any electronic media that you might happen to have stored.\u00a0 Grid overload resulting in brown-outs which would have similar effects.\u00a0 And internet overload.\u00a0 Unless people are going to build the grid out more, going to build the net out more, There\u2019s pretty soon not going to have much space on it because of all the spam and porn to the percentage of 95, I\u2019m told.\u00a0 So it\u2019s very crowded out there.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So building out the net, building out the grid and what are you going to do about the solar flares.\u00a0 Well I guess a lead-lined box is about the best you can do.\u00a0 All of these things point out the fact that electronic storage is pretty fragile.\u00a0 If you want to keep something permanently, you should probably keep it in paper form and that is why an e-version of your Will is not acceptable.\u00a0 Another reason is it\u2019s very hackable and forgeable.\u00a0 As I said, the net is leaky.\u00a0 And a number of other legal documents, which of course drives people crazy because those paper things take up so much room.\u00a0 So it\u2019s a problem facing businesses, what to do with the paper?\u00a0 What is the alternative to paper?\u00a0 When can you use e-storage, etc.?\u00a0 It\u2019s also a problem for people, for instance, with small apartments who like to read, where are they going to put all the books?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The e-reader gives you portability, it gives you instant accessibility and it gives you the possibility of having whole bunch of books with you at once on this little device.\u00a0 So for that, it\u2019s very, very handy.\u00a0 Those are the pluses.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I personally think it\u2019s going to increase reading because you can acquire a book very quickly.\u00a0 You don\u2019t have to wait, you can just push the button and it\u2019s there.\u00a0 If you really like it and want to keep it, you may then go get a paper version.\u00a0 It does remove the element of serendipity, by which I mean, you walk into a bookstore with the idea of getting this book and you see three or four other books that you really feel you must have, but you wouldn\u2019t have known about them unless you run into the store.\u00a0 So how to create in an e-version that experience of serendipity.\u00a0 It\u2019s really hard.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So people are thinking about this a lot the other virtue of the e-reader may be that it\u2019s helpful for kids who are having reading problems because they an isolate blocks of text and make the letters bigger.\u00a0 So it makes it more visible.\u00a0 They can see it better, maybe.\u00a0 I don\u2019t think they\u2019ve done the studies on that yet, but it\u2019s being talked about.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0What is happening in the brain when we read?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>The neurology of reading is another thing that people are writing about and investigating a lot.\u00a0 That is, what is happening in your brain when you read?\u00a0 It turns out because I know a friend who had this kind of stroke that you can have a kind of stroke that makes it possible for you to write, you can still write, but you can\u2019t read what you\u2019ve just written.\u00a0 So reading and writing you would think would be in the same little box in the brain, but they\u2019re not.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anything that we do is built on a pre-existing brain platform or program which is then adapted for other uses.\u00a0 So language is pretty old and it\u2019s also built-in.\u00a0 So children arrive in the world and then they pick up language just by being around other people who are talking.\u00a0 Nobody sits down and teaches them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reading, on the other hand, you will not pick up unless somebody spend some time with you, and writing is even&#8230; writing by hand is apparently even harder.\u00a0 So what are the platforms that these things are built on, and it has been proposed that reading is built on very ancient program that had to do with reading animal tracks.\u00a0 So what you\u2019re doing is you\u2019re looking for visual signs made by somebody else and you are interpreting those back into a story that originally, of course, allowed you to track the animal or to figure out if the animal was tracking you.\u00a0 Equally important.\u00a0 You were able to tell what was around in your vicinity by reading those tracks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So what are those marks we make?\u00a0 What are those marks on a sheet of paper, piece of stone, clay tablet?\u00a0 They\u2019re like animal tracks in that we look at them; we translate them back into something which is language.\u00a0 And that language can be put together in our brains to tell a story, create a poem, whatever the writing may have been.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As for the writing, those are the tracks we make.\u00a0 So that\u2019s probably based on some sort of display or marking program.\u00a0 And that too is pretty old.\u00a0 And if you go back to cave paintings, those \u2013 the hand prints on the cave, drawings on the cave, the markings, the pieces of stone or bone that they\u2019ve now found with rhythmic scratches on them.\u00a0 They\u2019re all forms of signaling, so it took awhile for that to become what we now know as alphabets or language systems, but it probably all had its origins in that form of marking.\u00a0 And somebody has a theory that all of the alphabets are taken from natural&#8230; that they had their origins in natural signs, pictographs depicting natural things.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0Why do we need to tell stories?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:\u00a0<\/strong>Language is one of the most primary facts of our existence.\u00a0 It\u2019s something that you say, what is human?\u00a0 Well many animals have methods of communicating with one another but none of them have our kind of extremely elaborate grammar.\u00a0 So it is&#8230; it\u2019s right dead, smack in the center of what it is to be human, the ability to tell a story.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">There is another theory that has it that the narrative art is an evolved adaptation on which we got in the Pliestocine because those who had it had a much greater edge.\u00a0 They had a much greater survival edge on those that did not have it.\u00a0 If I can tell you that right over there in that river was where the crocodile ate Uncle George, you do not have to test that in your own life by going over there and getting eaten by the crocodile.\u00a0 And I can tell you all sorts of other things that are very useful to you for survival in your world if I can tell you a story.\u00a0 And we know that people learn and assimilate information much more through stories than they do through charts and graphs and statistics.\u00a0 You might want to back up those things with the math.\u00a0 But what really hits people is the story because it\u2019s not an intellectual thing and it\u2019s not just a scream.\u00a0 It\u2019s not pure emotion; it\u2019s a melding of those two things, which is where we exist as human beings.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We\u2019re not thought machines, we\u2019re not screaming machines, we are thought\/feeling machines, if we\u2019re machines at all, let&#8217;s pretend we\u2019re not.\u00a0 We are thought\/feeling entities.\u00a0 In fact, some people who have done studies on it say that if you remove the emotion from the person through some accident, they have a lot of trouble making decisions because they try to reason everything out and you actually can\u2019t.\u00a0 It\u2019s endless.<br \/>\n<em><strong><br \/>\nQuestion:<\/strong>\u00a0Do new publishing tools like Twitter mean that anyone can be a writer?<br \/>\n<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Margaret Atwood:<\/strong>\u00a0A lot of people sing in the bathtub.\u00a0 It sounds really good.\u00a0 There&#8217;s good acoustics in there.\u00a0 But they\u2019re not singers.\u00a0 By that, I don\u2019t mean they can\u2019t or don\u2019t sing.\u00a0 I mean that it\u2019s not their profession to sing.\u00a0 People do not pay them to stand on a stage and make noises come out of their mouth.\u00a0 So, it\u2019s partly&#8230; it\u2019s partly a difference of job.\u00a0 We love those moments in amateur night shows, which have now become so big, like \u201cAmerican Idol\u201d and \u201cDoes Britain Have Talent,\u201d et cetera.\u00a0 We just love that moment when the person steps forward who has been a garage mechanic, or something, and bursts into prize-winning opera.\u00a0 We just love it.\u00a0 It sort of chokes you up.\u00a0 Because I think it appeals to our human-ness. This is something we all might possibly do, even if we do have some other job that we don\u2019t like very much.\u00a0 And people say that ordinary people aren\u2019t interested in the arts are just dead wrong.\u00a0 Everybody kind of is and they all do something in their life.\u00a0 It\u2019s like that, even if it\u2019s woodworking in the cellar and knitting their own special knit patterns.\u00a0 They\u2019re doing something creative because we are a very creative species.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The difference between everybody doing it, no matter what their day job may be and the people who are professionals is that the people who are professionals have somehow been able to cross that threshold to the place where they have an informed audience and where they can scratch a living out of it in some way.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So I think that\u2019s partly it, and in order to do that, you have to be probably pretty dedicated.\u00a0 That is, you have to put the work in it&#8230; you have to put the practice in.\u00a0 So as I say to people, you can\u2019t just sit down at the piano and be a concert pianist.\u00a0 There\u2019s the part where you have to practice.\u00a0 And there\u2019s the drudgery, there\u2019s the work, there\u2019s the hours.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I think it\u2019s Malcolm Gladwell that has a theory about how may hours you have to put in to get really good at something.\u00a0 And that is why I will never, ever be a star ballet dancer.\u00a0 However much I may like to leap about, I am not that person because I did not start when I was 12, or whatever it was, and put in the practice.<\/p>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Recorded 9\/21\/2010 \u00a0&#8211; \u00a0Interviewed by Max Miller<\/strong><\/address>\n<h4>\u2666\u2192 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/videos\/big-think-interview-with-margaret-atwood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Margaret Atwood \u00a0interviewed<\/a> \u21d0<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><strong>\u00abWar is what happens when language fails.\u00bb\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>\u2013 Margaret Atwood<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Born in Ottawa, Ontario, in 1939, she is Canada&#8217;s most eminent novelist and poet, and also writes short stories, critical studies, screenplays, radio scripts and books for children, her works having been translated into over 30 languages. Her reviews and critical articles have appeared in various eminent magazines and she [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":8846,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[170,288,178],"tags":[175,235,268],"class_list":["post-8845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stories","category-poem","category-interview","tag-story","tag-canucks","tag-writers","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8845"}],"version-history":[{"count":80,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55156,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8845\/revisions\/55156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}