{"id":13138,"date":"2014-04-08T23:00:26","date_gmt":"2014-04-08T23:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/?p=13138"},"modified":"2026-03-23T17:49:30","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T17:49:30","slug":"a-history-of-blues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/?p=13138","title":{"rendered":"History of the Blues"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Documentary series (in four parts) on the origins and development of the Blues, with archive footage of performances denoting landmarks in the blues scene. \u2193\u00a0By King Rollo (1999).<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iRwXVNt0i3k\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p># 2 &#8211; In this part \u2193\u00a0we take a close look at the early legends of blues from the 1920s and 1930s.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xr3bIHqeAoU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=EzXXDhOQLVw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-10937\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/MS_mus_jour.gif\" alt=\"MS_mus_jour\" width=\"153\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/MS_mus_jour.gif 153w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/09\/MS_mus_jour-114x150.gif 114w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 153px) 100vw, 153px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2666 \u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KtYb26RyEo4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Musical Journey<\/a> \u2190<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u00a4 \u00a0Feel Like Going Home<\/strong> \u00a0(by <strong>Martin Scorsese<\/strong>)\u00a0\u2192<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Martin Scorsese pays tribute to the Delta blues, tracing the roots of the music by traveling through the state of Mississippi with musician <strong>Corey Harris<\/strong> and then traveling on to West Africa. <strong>Willie King, Taj Mahal, Otha Turner <\/strong>and<strong> Ali Farka Toure<\/strong> give performances of early Delta blues songs, along with rare archival film of <strong>Son House, Muddy Waters, <\/strong>and<strong> John Lee Hooker.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2666 \u00a0\u2666\u00a0\u00a0Chicago Blues \u00a0\u2193\u00a0 A Living History<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Hailed by critics, musicians and music historians worldwide as the greatest tribute of our time to the Chicago Blues.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0YmI5mS_VD0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RDTu-6lxc-8\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/h3>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u25ca \u00a0\u2666 \u00a0\u25ca \u00a0\u2666 \u00a0\u00a0Chess Records \u00a0\u2193 \u00a0 [doc]<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em id=\"__mceDel\"> <iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/pFbny5oToD4\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v79YtTYRbKs\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QfK6kWYJmUE\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FuV5_9G3Fcc\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/music\/2010\/nov\/06\/leonard-phil-marshall-chess-records\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13448\" title=\"che\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/che.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"255\" height=\"177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/che.gif 255w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/che-150x104.gif 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 255px) 100vw, 255px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Brothers <strong>Leonard<\/strong> and <strong>Philip Chess<\/strong> were two Jewish immigrants from Poland who came to Chicago in 1928. They were involved in the liquor business and by the 1940&#8217;s, they owned several bars on the south side of Chicago. Their largest establishment was a nightclub called the Macomba. The Macomba had live entertainment, many of those being blues performers that had migrated to Chicago from the Mississippi delta in the &#8217;30s and &#8217;40s. They realized that these performers were not being properly recorded, so they decided to start recording them themselves. In 1947 they entered into a partnership with <strong>Charles<\/strong> and <strong>Evelyn Aron<\/strong> in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/hubcap.clemson.edu\/~campber\/aristocrat.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aristocrat Records.<\/a>\u00a0The Arons had just formed Aristocrat Records to record blues, jazz and rhythm &amp; blues.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The most important artist to record on Aristrocrat was McKinley Morganfield, who recorded as <strong>Muddy Waters<\/strong> and had several successful singles on the label in 1947 and 1948. He had migrated from Mississippi to Chicago a few years before and was working semi-professionally until he met the Chess brothers. Initially his records contained only himself, a piano and bass and his raw singing style reflected the spirit of the bars he played in. Through their connections with radio stations and local clubs, the Chess brothers were able to build Muddy Waters into Chicago&#8217;s leading blues singer.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In late 1949, Leonard and Phil Chess purchased the interests of the Arons and became the sole owners of Aristocrat Records. On June 3, 1950, they reorganized the company and changed its name to <strong>Chess Records.<\/strong> Chess Records flourished in those early days of both rhythm and blues and independent record companies. Chess along with Atlantic, Aladdin, Specialty, Imperial, Modern and King were giving the public music that they could not get from the larger, established \u00abmajor\u00bb record companies.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">With the success of Muddy Waters, other young Mississippi bluesmen were drawn to Chicago, many joined Muddy&#8217;s band. One of the most brilliant musicians to play with Muddy was Little Walter Jacobs, whose outstanding harmonica made the band even better. In 1952, Chess formed a subsidiary label called <em>Checker,<\/em> and <strong>Little Walter<\/strong> recorded in his own right for the label. His first release was an instrumental called <em>\u00abJuke\u00bb<\/em> which topped the Rhythm and Blues charts. He was able to top the charts again in 1955 with the vocal <em>\u00abMy Babe\u00bb.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A young record producer in Memphis Tennessee named <strong>Sam Phillips<\/strong> was recording a 300 pound farm worker named Chester Burnette, who became known as the <strong>\u00abHowlin&#8217; Wolf<\/strong>\u00ab. At the time he recorded Howlin&#8217; Wolf, Phillips, who later established Sun Records, did not have a record company so he leased the Howlin&#8217; Wolf masters to the Chess brothers.<em> \u00abHow Many More Years\u00bb<\/em> backed with <em>\u00abMoanin in the Moonlight\u00bb<\/em> was a hit in 1951. Soon, Howlin&#8217; Wolf migrated to Chicago and signed with Chess Records. In 1956, Chess was able to recapture the intensity of his earlier Memphis recordings with the hit <em>\u00abSmokestack Lightnin'\u00bb<\/em>. Howlin&#8217; Wolf recorded for many years on Chess and was one of the most influential bluesmen in history, his influence can be heard in the music of many of the young British and American blues players that became so successful in the &#8217;60s and &#8217;70s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In addition to Muddy Waters, Howlin&#8217; Wolf and Little Walter, Chess recorded many other giants of post- war American blues such as <strong>Sonny Boy Williamson, Lowell Fulson, Memphis Slim, Jimmy Rogers, John Lee Hooker<\/strong> and <strong>Willie Mabon<\/strong>. Later, they recorded the next generation of Chicago blues artists with <strong>Buddy Guy, Little Milton<\/strong> and <strong>Koko Taylor.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.history-of-rock.com\/chess_records.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13449\" title=\"C_records\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/C_records.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"205\" height=\"205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/C_records.gif 205w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/C_records-150x150.gif 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 1955, on a vacation trip to Chicago a young singer and guitar player from St. Louis named <strong>Chuck Berry<\/strong> met Muddy Waters, who encouraged him to see the Chess brothers. Chuck Berry auditioned for them with a song he had written called \u00abIda Red\u00bb, Leonard and Phil liked the song but suggested a name change, the song was renamed <em>\u00abMaybellene\u00bb<\/em> and became the first of his many Top 40 hits. With Chuck Berry, Chess Records had a singer whose sound could not be duplicated with cover records by white recording artists. Chuck Berry recorded for the Chess brothers for many years producing hit after hit. The songs he wrote and recorded for Chess include many of the signature songs of rock and roll; <em>\u00abRoll Over Beethoven,\u00bb \u00abJohnny B. Goode,\u00bb \u00abSweet Little Sixteen,\u00bb \u00abRock and Roll Music,\u00bb \u00abMemphis,\u00bb \u00abBrown Eyed Handsome Man\u00bb<\/em> and \u00ab<em>School Day\u00bb<\/em> among them. He is one of the giants of Rock and Roll and was one of the initial 10 inductees into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Another singer\/songwriter who could not be duplicated was discovered by Chess in 1955. His name was Elias McDaniels, who had moved from Mississippi to Chicago with his family as a boy. He auditioned for the Chess brothers with a song he had written called \u00abUncle John\u00bb. Again, they liked the song but not the title, so McDaniels changed it to his own nickname, one that he had used as an amateur boxer, <strong>Bo Diddley<\/strong>. The Chess brothers signed Bo Diddley to a long term contract. His distinctive \u00abShave and a Haircut\u00bb rhythm was a staple on Checker Records for many years. His biggest hit was the self titled \u00abBo Diddley\u00bb backed with \u00ab<em>I&#8217;m a Man\u00bb<\/em> in 1955.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluesaccess.com\/No_36\/chess.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-7538\" src=\"http:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/clarence-henry-aint-got-no-home-chess-blue-chip-series.gif\" alt=\"aint_got_np_home\" width=\"183\" height=\"183\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 1956, Chess established a jazz subsidiary called <em>Argo<\/em>, and built an impressive stable of influential jazz artists like <strong>Sonny Stitt, James Moody, Yusef Lateef, Gene Ammons, Lou Donaldson, Lorez Alexandria, Ahmad Jamal <\/strong>and\u00a0<strong>Ramsey Lewis.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0In 1965 the name of the label was changed to <em>Cadet,<\/em> because of the existence of another record company called Argo in England.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Also in 1956, Chess began taking a bigger interest in music from New Orleans by signing veteran Paul Gayten to represent them there. Gayten brought then\u00a0<strong>Clarence \u00abFrogman\u00bb Henry<\/strong> who had a hit <em>\u00abAin&#8217;t Got No Home\u00bb<\/em> in 1956 and <em>\u00ab(I Don&#8217;t Know Why) But I Do\u00bb<\/em> and <em>\u00abYou Always Hurt the One You Love\u00bb<\/em> in 1961. Gayten also recorded <strong>Bobby Charles<\/strong> and <strong>Eddie Bo<\/strong> for Chess.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Chess religious and gospel recordings are also extensive. Chess devoted an entire series to the sermons of the <strong>Rev. C.L Franklin<\/strong>, pastor of the 4500 member New Bethel Baptist Church in Detroit Michigan. They were also the first company to record his daughter <strong>Aretha Franklin<\/strong>, when as a teenager she recorded gospel music for the label. Their gospel catalog is almost exclusively contained on the Checker 10000 series and includes albums by the <strong>Five Blind Boys, Soul Stirrers, Alex Bradford<\/strong> and<strong> the Violinaires<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.clashmusic.com\/feature\/marshall-chess\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-13443\" title=\"chess\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/chess.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/chess.jpg 400w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/chess-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/chess-150x122.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a>During the early years of the label, Leonard and Phil Chess did everything. They were the quintessential &#8217;50s record men: they owned the label, they produced the music they loved themselves and managed the financial end of the business. As the label grew, they gradually delegated more and more of the creative side of the business to employees. In 1959, they were able to hire the veteran producer <strong>Ralph Bass<\/strong> away from King Records in Cincinnati to serve as A&amp;R Director. Bass continued to record blues, gospel, and rhythm and blues. He brought in a young black producer named <strong>Billy Davis<\/strong> who expanded the company into soul music, Davis revived the career of <strong>Etta James<\/strong> and turned her into Chess Records&#8217; first soul star. A group called <strong>the Dells<\/strong>, which had formed in Harvey Illinois in 1953 went back and forth between Chess and another Chicago label Vee Jay several times, but when they came back to Chess in 1967, they recorded the fantastic album <em>\u00abThere Is\u00bb<\/em> which contained six hits,<em> \u00abOooo, I Love You\u00bb, \u00abStay in My Corner\u00bb, \u00abRun For Cover\u00bb, \u00abThere Is\u00bb, \u00abShow Me\u00bb and \u00abWear It on Your Face\u00bb<\/em>. The Dells recorded many more albums for Cadet but never again reached the pinnacle of the album <em>\u00abThere Is\u00bb<\/em>. <strong>Billy Stewart<\/strong>, a native of Washington D.C. first came to Chess in 1956 through Bo Diddley. Stewart played piano and sang with Diddley&#8217;s band. In 1962, Stewart returned to Chess with his unique vocal style, which involved a stuttering, rapid-fire explosion of words. He recorded a string of soul hits for Chess, including <em>\u00abI Do Love You\u00bb, \u00abSitting in the Park\u00bb<\/em> and <em>\u00abSummertime\u00bb<\/em>. Other soul hitmakers for Chess were <strong>Fontella Bass<\/strong> who had the great hit <em>\u00abRescue Me\u00bb,<\/em> <strong>Sugar Pie Desanto, Mitty Collier, Jackie Ross, Little Milton, the Radiants, Laura Lee<\/strong> and <strong>Jo Ann Garrett.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The late &#8217;60s were banner years for Chess, which makes the decline and fall of Chess Records hard to understand. In 1968, Billy Davis, the producer responsible for much of the soul music output, left to join an advertising agency as music director, and Leonard Chess, the creative force behind the company became more and more involved in a radio station he owned, WVON. When Billy Davis left, much of the cohesion in the creative staff was lost and many other producers and songwriters left.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bsnpubs.com\/chess\/chesscheck.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-13442\" title=\"ChessM\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/ChessM.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/ChessM.gif 204w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/ChessM-150x104.gif 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px\" \/><\/a>Ralph Bass stayed, but most of the talent was gone. In 1969, Leonard and Phil Chess sold Chess to General Recorded Tape (GRT) for 6\u00bd million dollars plus 20 thousand shares in GRT stock. In October 1969, the company suffered a devastating blow when Leonard Chess died. Quality output declined, and by the summer of 1972, the Chess Chicago offices were almost empty, the distribution company and pressing plants had been closed, and only the Chess Ter Mar studio was operating with a few employees. By the summer of 1975, GRT was dismantling what was left of Chess. In August 1975, with all of the GRT record operations closed down, what remained of Chess Records, was sold to New Jersey-based All Platinum Records. Although originally intended to be run as an active label, shortage of capital reduced the great Chess Records to a reissue label. When the Chess building in Chicago was sold, the new owners brought in dumpsters and chain saws and destroyed 250,000 records that had been abandoned there. It&#8217;s sad to think of all that great music; Chuck Berry, Howlin&#8217; Wolf, Little Walter, Bo Diddley, Etta James and Muddy Waters being hauled away to a landfill. Even though the records were destroyed, the master tapes survived and are now the property of MCA, which has rereleased much of the Chess material during the 1980s and 1990s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>[by Mike Callahan and David Edwards]<\/em><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\u25ca\u2192 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.azlyrics.com\/lyrics\/animals\/thestoryofbodiddley.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00abThe Story Of Bo Diddley\u00bb by <\/a>. . . \u00a0\u21d3 \u00a0[1964]<\/b><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=krqPlOQZzbA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29522\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Eric_B.jpeg\" alt=\"Eric_B\" width=\"591\" height=\"143\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Eric_B.jpeg 657w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Eric_B-300x72.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Eric_B-150x36.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Eric_B-400x96.jpeg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2666 \u00a0\u00ab<strong>I&#8217;m a Man<\/strong>\u00bb \u00a0\u2193 \u00a0is a rock and roll song written and recorded by <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bo_Diddley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bo Diddley<\/a> <\/strong>in 1955. \u00a0It was inspired by a\u00a0moderately slow blues with a stop-time figure\u00a0by Muddy Waters &amp; Willie Dixon&#8217;s \u00ab<a title=\"Hoochie Coochie Man\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hoochie_Coochie_Man\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hoochie Coochie Man<\/a>\u00ab.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Now when I was a little boy, a<\/strong><strong>t the age of five,<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2iniQEKMEyc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-42696\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/bo-diddley.jpg\" alt=\"bo-diddley\" width=\"207\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/bo-diddley.jpg 207w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/bo-diddley-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 207px) 100vw, 207px\" \/><\/a>I had somethin&#8217; in my pocket,\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Keep a lot of folks alive.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Now I&#8217;m a man,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Made twenty-one,<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>You know baby,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>We can have a lot of fun.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>I&#8217;m a man,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>I spell m-a-n&#8230;man.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>All you pretty women, s<\/strong><strong>tand in line,<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>I can make love to you baby i<\/strong><strong>n an hour&#8217;s time.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>I&#8217;m a man,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>I spell m-a-n&#8230;man.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>I goin&#8217; back down t<\/strong><strong>o Kansas to<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Bring back the second cousin,<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Little john the conqueroo.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>I&#8217;m a man,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>I spell m-a-n&#8230;man.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>The line I shoot, w<\/strong><strong>ill never miss,<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>The way I make love to &#8216;em,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>They can&#8217;t resist.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>I&#8217;m a man,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>I spell m-a-n&#8230;man.<\/strong><\/span><\/address>\n<p id=\"watch-headline-title\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.alligator.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-30563\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/alligator.jpg\" alt=\"alligator\" width=\"233\" height=\"153\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/alligator.jpg 259w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/alligator-150x98.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 233px) 100vw, 233px\" \/><\/a><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u2190Alligator Records:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XrosngPR4g0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright  wp-image-30564\" src=\"http:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Alligator_DJ.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"159\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Alligator_DJ.jpg 224w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/Alligator_DJ-150x113.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 210px) 100vw, 210px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>The First Twenty Years\u00a0\u2192<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Film about famous Chicago blues label, Alligator Records featuring icons such as <strong>Koko Taylor<\/strong>\u00a0&amp;\u00a0<strong>Hound Dog Taylor<\/strong> as well as newer school blues artists like <strong>Kenny Neal, Billy Branch<\/strong>\u00a0&amp;\u00a0<strong>Lucky Peterson<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2022\u2192<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q763H0MBOrA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00a0\u00abPiano Blues\u00bb<\/a> \u21d0directed by Clint Eastwood<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-6Ugf4ZBYVE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-42818\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/mississippi-blues-doc.jpg\" alt=\"mississippi-blues-doc\" width=\"142\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/mississippi-blues-doc.jpg 142w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/mississippi-blues-doc-110x150.jpg 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 142px) 100vw, 142px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u21d0&#8217;Paris&#8217;<\/strong> (<strong>Mississippi)&#8217;<\/strong>\u21d0[clip_1983]<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2022\u2192\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.folkstreams.net\/film,109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Land where the Blues Began<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u21d4 [t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.folkstreams.net\/pub\/ContextPage.php?essay=252\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ranscript<\/a>]\u00a0\u2190<a href=\"http:\/\/watchdocumentary.com\/watch\/the-blues-lives-on-the-delta-blues-museum-video_02a046b06.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><br \/>\n<\/a><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">In the late 1970s <strong>Alan Lomax<\/strong>\u00a0traveled to\u00a0<strong>Mississippi<\/strong> \u2191 with filmmaker John Bishop and folklorist Worth Long and made this film about the African American music he found there.dbluesm<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ph-tZr_m-wk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-12849\" src=\"http:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/d-blues-m.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"137\" height=\"102\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">\u21d0\u00a0 The Blues Lives On:\u00a0<strong>The Delta Blues Museum<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&gt;Marc Doyle, Chesney <a href=\"http:\/\/www.louisianafolklife.org\/LT\/Articles_Essays\/blues.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-12851\" src=\"http:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/DeltaB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/DeltaB.jpg 210w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/DeltaB-109x150.jpg 109w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 210px) 100vw, 210px\" \/><\/a>Blankenstein Doyle, Jonathan Wickham, \u00a0John Patrick (narrator).\u00a0Located in Clarksdale, Mississippi, this museum tells the powerful story of the origins of the Delta Blues.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u2022\u2192<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=O7q_jaugoUk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Morgan Freeman&#8217;s \u00a0Mississippi<\/a> \u21d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"watch-description-text\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a4 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalbluesmuseum.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The National Blues Museum<\/a>\u21d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a4\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/lens.blogs.nytimes.com\/2012\/05\/01\/a-right-to-sing-the-blues\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pics\u00a0<\/a>\u21d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<address>\u00a4 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bluesforpeace.com\/lyrics.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blues\u00a0<strong>lyrics<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u21d0<\/address>\n<address>\u00a0<\/address>\n<\/div>\n<address>\u00a4 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blueslyrics.tripod.com\/blueslanguage.htm#chillun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blues <\/a><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blueslyrics.tripod.com\/blueslanguage.htm#chillun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">language<\/a>\u00a0\u21d0<\/strong><\/address>\n<address>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u2022\u00a0From Rural to Urban &#8230; the Blues in Louisiana<\/strong>\u2192<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9J2rEvVxBP8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-5119\" title=\"r_wilkins\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/robert_wilkins.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/robert_wilkins.jpg 200w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/robert_wilkins-150x148.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u00a4 \u00a0Robet Wilkins<\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On 23rd September 1929 a blues singer in Memphis, <strong>Robert Wilkins <\/strong>[1896-1987]\u00a0recorded a magnificent song \u00ab<em><strong>That&#8217;s No Way To Get Along<\/strong>\u00ab<\/em>: intricate guitar work underpinned a lyric about how the <em>\u00ablow down women\u00bb<\/em> treated him so wrong he wished he was <em>\u00abdead and gone\u00bb<\/em> and how <em>\u00abthat&#8217;s no way to get along\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u21d2<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">No way indeed. In fact, Robert, then 33 years old, was a man very different from the hard living, hard drinking blues singer stereotypes. He was a quiet teetotaller and\u00a0<em>\u00abhis songs were those of a man wondering if he was on the right path.\u00bb [Francis Davis: \u00abThe History Of The Blues: The Roots, The Music, The People\u00bb]<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>I&#8217;m goin&#8217; home, friends, sit down and tell my, my mama<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Friends, sit down and tell my mama<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;m goin&#8217; home, sit down and tell my mama<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;m goin&#8217; home, sit down and tell my mama<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That that&#8217;s no way to get along<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>These low-down women, mama, they treated your, ahw, poor son wrong<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Mama, treated me wrong<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>These low-down women, mama, treated your poor son wrong<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>These low-down women, mama, treated your poor son wrong<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>And that&#8217;s no way for him to get along<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>They treated me like my poor heart was made of a rock or stone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Mama, made of a rock or stone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Treated me like my poor heart was made of a rock or stone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Treated me like my poor heart was made of a rock or stone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>And that&#8217;s no way for me to get along<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>You know, that was enough, mama, to make your son wished he&#8217;s dead and gone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Mama, wished I&#8217;s dead and gone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That is enough to make your son, mama, wished he&#8217;s dead and gone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That is enough to make your son, mama, wished he&#8217;s dead and gone<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>&#8216;Cause that&#8217;s no way for him to get along<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>I stood on the roadside, I cried alone, all by myself<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I cried alone by myself<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I stood on the roadside and cried alone by myself<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I stood on the roadside and cried alone by myself<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Cryin&#8217;, \u00abThat&#8217;s no way for me to get along\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>I&#8217;s wantin&#8217; some train to come along and take me away from here<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Friends, take me away from here<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Some train to come along and take me away from here<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Some train to come along and take me away from here<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>And that&#8217;s no way for me to get along<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u00a4 \u00a0Leadbelly \u00a0\u2193<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=SJUSGuNxt-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-36583\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/BlackB.jpg\" alt=\"BlackB\" width=\"316\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/BlackB.jpg 316w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/BlackB-300x151.jpg 300w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/BlackB-150x75.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<address style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 1918 musician Huddie Ledbetter, known as\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.leadbelly.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Leadbelly<\/strong><\/a> was imprisoned in Texas for murder. According to tradition he won his early release in 1925 by singing a song for the governor of Texas. Leadbelly was imprisoned again, for attempted murder, in 1930. There he was \u201cdiscovered\u201d by folklorists John Lomax and Alan Lomax, who collected up to 48 songs for the Library of Congress.\u00a0He was a profound influence on folk performers of the 1940s such as\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.allmusic.com\/artist\/woody-guthrie-mn0000577531\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woody Guthrie<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.allmusic.com\/artist\/pete-seeger-mn0000266160\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pete Seeger<\/a>.<\/address>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u00a0\u00a4 \u00a0\u00abMississippi\u00bb John Hurt \u00a0\u2192<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2nS3ANksXvc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u00a0&#8216;Spike driver blues&#8217;\u21d0<\/strong><\/a><\/h6>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">John Henry\u00a0was a steel drivin&#8217; boy<br \/>\nBut he went down . . .<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">John Henry&#8217;s house \u00a0[. . .]<\/address>\n<div>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">Take this hammer and carry it to my captain<br \/>\nTell him I&#8217;m gone &#8211; Won&#8217;t you tell him I&#8217;m gone?<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">John Henry, he left his hammer<br \/>\nLayin&#8217; side the road &#8211;\u00a0Layin&#8217; side the road<br \/>\nJohn Henry, he left his hammer<br \/>\nall painted in red &#8211;\u00a0All painted in red<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">Take this hammer and carry it to my captain<br \/>\nTell him I&#8217;m gone, won&#8217;t you tell him I&#8217;m gone?<br \/>\nTell him, I&#8217;m gone<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<address>This is the hammer that killed John Henry<\/address>\n<address>But it won&#8217;t kill me &#8211;\u00a0No it won&#8217;t kill me<\/address>\n<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">I walked all the way from East Colorado<br \/>\nHoney, that&#8217;s my home . . .<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">That&#8217;s why I&#8217;m gone<\/address>\n<address style=\"text-align: left;\">Take this hammer and carry it to my captain<br \/>\nTell him I&#8217;m gone, won&#8217;t you tell him I&#8217;m gone?\u00a0<\/address>\n<\/div>\n<h5 id=\"watch-headline-title\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u25ca\u00a0\u25ca\u2192 \u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7_YoZDMWlJE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stackolee a.k.a. &#8216;Stagger Lee&#8217;<\/a>\u00a0 \u21d0<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Police officer, how can it be?\u00a0You can &#8216;rest everybody but cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That bad man, oh, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Billy de Lyon told Stack O&#8217; Lee, \u00abPlease don&#8217;t take my life,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>says I got two little babies, and a darlin&#8217; lovin&#8217; wife\u00bb<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>He&#8217;s a bad man, oh, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00abWhat I care about you little babies, your darlin&#8217; lovin&#8217; wife?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>You done stole my Stetson\u00a0hat, and I&#8217;m bound to take your life\u00bb<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That bad man, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>&#8230;with the forty-four<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>When I spied Billy de Lyon, he was lyin&#8217; down on the floor<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That bad man, oh cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00abGentleman&#8217;s of the jury, what do you think of that?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Stack O&#8217; Lee killed Billy de Lyon about a five-dollar Stetson hat\u00bb<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That bad man, oh, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Standing all together &#8211; Stack O&#8217;Lee at court &#8211; The judge said,<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00abLet&#8217;s kill him before he kills some of us.\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>He&#8217;s a bad man,\u00a0oh, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>And all they gathered, hands way up high,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>at twelve o&#8217;clock they killed him, they&#8217;s all glad to see him die<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That bad man, oh, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>I said, police officer, how can it be?\u00a0You can &#8216;rest everybody but cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>That bad man, oh, cruel Stack O&#8217; Lee<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>\u25ca\u2192 \u00a0 Led Zep \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/my.mail.ru\/video\/inbox\/ironer\/3541\/39946.html?autoplay=1#video=\/inbox\/ironer\/3541\/39946\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rip-offs<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u21d0 \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7 tut-tut . . .<\/h5>\n<\/address>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Documentary series (in four parts) on the origins and development of the Blues, with archive footage of performances denoting landmarks in the blues scene. \u2193 By King Rollo (1999).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p># 2 &#8211; In this part \u2193 we take a close look at the early legends of blues from the 1920s and 1930s.<\/p>\n<p> [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":13139,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[180,193],"tags":[102,200,313],"class_list":["post-13138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vid","category-blues","tag-lyrics","tag-documentary","tag-america","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13138"}],"version-history":[{"count":116,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55875,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13138\/revisions\/55875"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}