{"id":13024,"date":"2014-07-19T21:55:26","date_gmt":"2014-07-19T21:55:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/?p=13024"},"modified":"2020-06-03T21:32:02","modified_gmt":"2020-06-03T21:32:02","slug":"woody-guthrie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/?p=13024","title":{"rendered":"Arlo &#038; Woody Guthrie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00a4 \u00a0Arlo Guthrie<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2SfPyg-mGhU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-10277\" title=\"CoNO\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eoisabi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/CoNO.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"249\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/CoNO.jpeg 249w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/CoNO-150x121.jpeg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 249px) 100vw, 249px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>City of New Orleans<\/strong> is a folk song written by<strong> \u2192<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2SfPyg-mGhU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Steve Goodman<\/a><\/strong>, describing a train ride from Chicago to New Orleans via the Illinois Central Railroad in bittersweet and nostalgic terms. Goodman got the idea while traveling on the eponymous train for a visit to his wife&#8217;s family. He performed the song for <strong>Arlo Guthrie<\/strong> in the Quiet Knight, a bar in Chicago, and Guthrie agreed to add it to his repertoire. The song was a hit for Guthrie on his 1972 album Hobo&#8217;s Lullaby, and is now more closely associated with him, although Goodman performed it until his death in 1984. The song has also been covered by <strong>Willie Nelson<\/strong>, John Denver, <strong>Johnny Cash<\/strong>, Judy Collins, Jerry Reed, \u2192<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=x8CtHRNNSUY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Chet Atkins<\/strong><\/a>, Hank Snow, and others.<\/p>\n<h5>\u25ca \u00a0 &#8216;City of New Orleans&#8217; \u00a0 \u2193 \u00a0\u00a0(2008)<\/h5>\n<h2><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fF1lqEQFVUo\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Riding on the City of New Orleans,<br \/>\nIllinois Central Monday morning rail<br \/>\nFifteen cars and fifteen restless riders,<br \/>\nThree conductors and twenty-five sacks of mail.<br \/>\nAll along the southbound odyssey<br \/>\nThe train pulls out at Kankakee<br \/>\nRolls along past houses, farms and fields.<br \/>\nPassin&#8217; trains that have no names,<br \/>\nFreight yards full of old black men<br \/>\nAnd the graveyards of the rusted automobiles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">[Chorus]<br \/>\n<strong>Good morning America how are you?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Don&#8217;t you know me I&#8217;m your native son,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;m the train they call The City of New Orleans,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;ll be gone five hundred miles when the day is done.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Dealin&#8217; cards with the old men in the club car.<br \/>\nPenny a point ain&#8217;t no one keepin&#8217; score.<br \/>\nWon&#8217;t you pass the paper bag that holds the bottle<br \/>\nFeel the wheels rumblin&#8217; &#8216;neath the floor.<br \/>\nAnd the sons of Pullman porters<br \/>\nAnd the sons of engineers<br \/>\nRide their father&#8217;s magic carpets made of steel.<br \/>\nMothers with their babes asleep,<br \/>\nAre rockin&#8217; to the gentle beat<br \/>\nAnd the rhythm of the rails is all they feel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>[Chorus \u00a0. \u00a0. \u00a0.]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Nighttime on The City of New Orleans,<br \/>\nChanging cars in Memphis, Tennessee.<br \/>\nHalf way home, we&#8217;ll be there by morning<br \/>\nThrough the Mississippi darkness<br \/>\nRolling down to the sea.<br \/>\nAnd all the towns and people seem<br \/>\nTo fade into a bad dream<br \/>\nAnd the steel rails still ain&#8217;t heard the news.<br \/>\nThe conductor sings his song again,<br \/>\nThe passengers will please refrain<br \/>\nThis train&#8217;s got the disappearing railroad blues.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Good night, America, how are you?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Don&#8217;t you know me I&#8217;m your native son,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;m the train they call The City of New Orleans,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;ll be gone five hundred miles when the day is done.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5 id=\"watch-headline-title\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2193\u00a0 &#8216;Shenandoah&#8217;<\/h5>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_zWgfzGq5g0\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/address>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>The Missouri, she&#8217;s a might river<\/strong> &#8211; Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>The red man&#8217;s camp lies on her borders<\/strong> &#8211; Away, we&#8217;re bound away across the wide\u00a0Missouri,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>A white man loved an Indian maiden<\/strong> &#8211; Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>With notions sweet his canoe was laden<\/strong> &#8211; Away, we&#8217;re bound away across the wide\u00a0Missouri<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>O Shenandoah, I love your daughter<\/strong> &#8211; Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>I&#8217;ll take her &#8216;cross the rolling water<\/strong> &#8211; Away, we&#8217;re bound away across the wide\u00a0Missouri,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>The chief disdained the trader&#8217;s dollars<\/strong> &#8211; Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>My daughter never you shall follow<\/strong> &#8211; Away, we&#8217;re bound away across the wide Missouri<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>At last there came a Yankee skipper<\/strong> &#8211; Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>He winked his eye, and he tipped his flipper &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0Away, we&#8217;re bound away across the wide Missouri<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>He sold the chief that firewater<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>and &#8216;cross the river he stole his daughter<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0Away, we&#8217;re bound away\u00a0across the wide Missouri<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>O Shenandoah, I long to hear you<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0Away you rolling river<br \/>\n<strong>Across the wide and rolling water<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0Away, we&#8217;re bound away across the wide Missouri<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">\u25ca \u00a0&#8216;Shackles &amp; Chains&#8217;\u00a0\u2193<\/h6>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/P-rOPpxrQtE\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<address>On a long lonesome journey I&#8217;m going &#8211;\u00a0Oh darling and please don&#8217;t you cry<\/address>\n<address>Though in shackles and chains they will take me to a\u00a0prison to stay until I die<\/address>\n<address><strong>And at night through the bars I gaze at the stars and I long for your kisses in vain<\/strong><\/address>\n<address><strong>A piece of stone I will use for my pillow while I&#8217;m sleeping in shackles and chains<\/strong><\/address>\n<address>\u00a0<\/address>\n<address>Put your arms through these bars once my darlin&#8217; &#8211;\u00a0Let me kiss those sweet lips that I love best<\/address>\n<address>For in heartache you&#8217;re my consolation and in misery sorrow my haven of rest<\/address>\n<address><strong>And at night through the bars I&#8217;ll gaze at the stars &#8230;<\/strong><\/address>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a4 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?time_continue=3&amp;v=W5_8U4j51lI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8216;Alice&#8217;s Restaurant Massacre&#8217;<\/a> \u21d4\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lyricsfreak.com\/a\/arlo+guthrie\/alices+restaurant_20518619.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[lyrics]<\/a><\/h6>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\u2022\u2192\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NN_xvE79iXE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8216;Hobo&#8217;s Lullaby&#8217;\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0\u2193<\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em id=\"__mceDel\"> <iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/J72hq9kLyUQ\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Go to sleep you weary hobo &#8211;\u00a0Let the towns drift slowly by<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> Can&#8217;t you hear the steel rails hummin&#8217; &#8211;\u00a0That&#8217;s the hobo&#8217;s lullaby<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Do not you think &#8216;bout tomorrow &#8211;\u00a0Let tomorrow come and go<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> Tonight you&#8217;re in a nice warm boxcar &#8211;\u00a0Safe from all the wind and snow<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>I know the police cause you trouble &#8211;\u00a0They cause trouble everywhere<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> But when you die and go to Heaven, you&#8217;ll find no policemen there<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>I know your clothes are torn and ragged and your hair is turning gray<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> Lift your head and smile at trouble &#8211;\u00a0You&#8217;ll find happiness someday<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Go to sleep you weary hobo &#8211;\u00a0Let the towns drift slowly by<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> Don&#8217;t you hear the steel rails hummin&#8217; &#8211;\u00a0That&#8217;s the hobo&#8217;s lullaby<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00f7<\/h5>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00a4 \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.woodyguthrie.org\/biography\/biography1.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Woody Guthrie<\/span><\/a> \u00a0[1912-1967]<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">BBC Arena 1988 documentary on the life of <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/xroads.virginia.edu\/~1930s\/radio\/c_w\/guthrie.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woody Guthrie<\/a>\u2190<\/strong>(born in Okemah, Oklahoma, in 1912), the travelling songwriter and singer who paved the way for Bob Dylan and many others.<\/p>\n<address style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0\u2022<strong>\u2192<a href=\"http:\/\/www.woodyguthrie.org\/Lyrics\/Lyrics.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.woodyguthrie.org\/Lyrics.htm<\/a><\/strong><\/address>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9EnXnFgnkUc\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a4 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bobdylan.com\/us\/songs\/last-thoughts-woody-guthrie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00abLast Thoughts on Woody Guthrie\u00bb <\/a>\u00a0\u2193<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Written by\u00a0<strong>Bob Dylan<\/strong>, and recited live during his April 12, 1963 performance at New York City&#8217;s Town Hall.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Q0OdNY8Aybw\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00abThere&#8217;s this book coming out in &#8230; They asked me to write, er, something about Woody, sort of like &#8216;what does Woody Guthrie mean to you, in 25 words?&#8217; And I&#8230; I couldn&#8217;t do it; I wrote up five pages, and I have it here&#8230; It&#8217;s&#8230; I have it here by accident actually, but I&#8217;d&#8230; I&#8217;d like to say this out loud&#8230;\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=roRzmTmT5kU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-54307\" src=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/hard-travelin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/hard-travelin.jpg 275w, https:\/\/englishroam.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/hard-travelin-150x131.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2666 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FE307ZO3AvM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8216;John Henry&#8217; <\/a>\u00a0\u2193 \u00a0[clip]<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/AD-GHye9ohA\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">John Henry when he was a baby, sittin&#8217; on his daddy&#8217;s knee<br \/>\nHe picked up a hammer and a little piece of steel<br \/>\nAnd cried, <em>\u00abhammer&#8217;s gonna be the death of me, Lord<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Hammer&#8217;s gonna be the death of me\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Well the captain he said to John Henry<br \/>\n<em>\u00abI&#8217;m gonna bring that steam drill around<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I&#8217;m gonna bring that steam drill out on these tracks<\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>I&#8217;m gonna knock that steel on down &#8230;<\/strong>\u00ab<\/em><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">\u2666 \u00a0&#8216;Talking Dustbowl Blues&#8217; \u00a0\u2193<em id=\"__mceDel\" style=\"font-size: 2em;\"><br \/>\n<\/em><\/h6>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dkAxuqrVNBM\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Back in Nineteen Twenty-Seven,<br \/>\nI had a little farm and I called that heaven.<br \/>\nWell, the prices up and the rain come down,<br \/>\nAnd I hauled my crops all into town &#8212;<br \/>\nI got the money, bought clothes and groceries, fed the kids, took it easy.<\/p>\n<p>Rain quit and the wind got high,<br \/>\nAnd the black ol&#8217; dust storm filled the sky.<br \/>\nAnd I swapped my farm for a Ford machine,<br \/>\nAnd I filled it full of this gas-i-line &#8212;<br \/>\nAnd I started, rollin&#8217; [&#8230;?] California<\/p>\n<p>Way up yonder on a mountain road,<br \/>\nI had a hot motor and a heavy load,<br \/>\nI&#8217;s a-goin&#8217; pretty fast, there wasn&#8217;t even stoppin&#8217;,<br \/>\nA-bouncin&#8217; up and down, like popcorn poppin&#8217; &#8212;<br \/>\nHad a breakdown, sort of a nervous bustdown of the mechanism&#8230; some kind,\u00a0en-gine trouble.<\/p>\n<p>Way up yonder on a mountain road,<br \/>\nI wasn&#8217;t feelin&#8217; so very good,<br \/>\nAn&#8217; I give that rollin&#8217; Ford a shove,<br \/>\nAn&#8217; I&#8217;s a-gonna coast as far as I could &#8212;<br \/>\nCommence rollin&#8217;, pickin&#8217; up speed &#8230;\u00a0There was a hairpin turn, and I couldn&#8217;t make it.<\/p>\n<p>Man alive, I&#8217;m a-tellin&#8217; you,<br \/>\nThe fiddles and the guitars really flew.<br \/>\nThat Ford took off like a flying squirrel<br \/>\nAn&#8217; it flew halfway around the world &#8212;<br \/>\nScattered wives and childrens\u00a0all over the side of that mountain.<\/p>\n<p>We got to old Los Angeles broke,<br \/>\nSo dad-gum hungry I thought I&#8217;d choke,<br \/>\nAn&#8217; I bummed up a spud or two,<br \/>\nAn&#8217; I cooked up a tater stew &#8212;<br \/>\nFed the kids a big bit of it,\u00a0and that was my defence too<br \/>\n[&#8230;?] could read a magazine through it.<br \/>\nI&#8217;ve always believed\u00a0that if that stew had been just a little bit thinner,<br \/>\nSome of our senators coulda seen through it.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2666 \u00a0&#8216;Dust Bowl Blues&#8217; \u00a0\u2193<em id=\"__mceDel\" style=\"font-size: 2em;\"><br \/>\n<\/em><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jQYKJaWuj0Y\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I just blowed in, and I got them dust bowl blues . . .<br \/>\nI just blowed in, and I&#8217;ll blow back out again.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I guess you&#8217;ve heard about ev&#8217;ry kind of blues . . .<br \/>\nBut when the dust gets high, you can&#8217;t even see the sky.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I&#8217;ve seen the dust so black that I couldn&#8217;t see a thing . . .<br \/>\nAnd the wind so cold, boy, it nearly cut your water off.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I&#8217;ve seen the wind so high that it blowed my fences down . . .<br \/>\nBuried my tractor six feet underground.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Well, it turned my farm into a pile of sand &#8211;\u00a0Yes, it turned my farm into a pile of sand,<br \/>\nI had to hit that road with a bottle in my hand.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I spent ten years down in that old dust bowl . . .<br \/>\nWhen you get that dust pneumony, boy, it&#8217;s time to go.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">I had a gal, and she was young and sweet . . .<br \/>\nBut a dust storm buried her sixteen hundred feet.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">She was a good gal, long, tall and stout . . .<br \/>\nI had to get a steam shovel just to dig my darlin&#8217; out.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">These dusty blues are the dustiest ones I know . . .<br \/>\nBuried head over heels in the black old dust,<br \/>\nI had to pack up and go.<br \/>\nAn&#8217; I just blowed in, an&#8217; I&#8217;ll soon blow out again.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h6 id=\"watch-headline-title\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u25ca \u00a0&#8216;Dust Bowl Refugee&#8217; \u00a0\u2193<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/N_ehYkr0NhU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">I&#8217;m a dust bowl refugee \u00a0&#8211; \u00a0Just a dust bowl refugee,<br \/>\nFrom that dust bowl to the peach bowl,<br \/>\nNow that peach fuzz is a-killin&#8217; me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8216;Cross the mountains to the sea &#8211;\u00a0Come the wife and kids and me.<br \/>\nIt&#8217;s a hot old dusty highway \u00a0for a dust bowl refugee.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Hard, it&#8217;s always been that way \u00a0&#8211; \u00a0Here today and on our way<br \/>\nDown that mountain, &#8216;cross the desert &#8211;\u00a0Just a dust bowl refugee.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">We are ramblers, so they say \u00a0&#8211; \u00a0We are only here today,<br \/>\nThen we travel with the seasons &#8211;\u00a0We&#8217;re the dust bowl refugees.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">From the south land and the drought land &#8211;\u00a0Come the wife and kids and me,<br \/>\nAnd this old world is a hard world \u00a0for a dust bowl refugee.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Yes, we ramble and we roam \u00a0and the highway that&#8217;s our home,<br \/>\nIt&#8217;s a never-ending highway \u00a0for a dust bowl refugee.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Yes, we wander and we work \u00a0in your crops and in your fruit,<br \/>\nLike the whirlwinds on the desert &#8211;\u00a0That&#8217;s the dust bowl refugees.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">I&#8217;m a dust bowl refugee,\u00a0I&#8217;m a dust bowl refugee,<br \/>\nAnd I wonder will I always \u00a0be a dust bowl refugee?<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2022\u2192\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oz7oguguIZE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8216;1913 Massacre&#8217;<\/a>\u00a0\u21d4 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/woodyguthrie.org\/Lyrics\/Nineteen_Thirteen_Massacre.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[lyrics]<\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2666 \u2192\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=uSIy0wq_-8A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8216;This Land Is Your Land&#8217;<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u21d3<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XaI5IRuS2aE\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">This land is your land\u00a0 &#8211; \u00a0This land is my land<br \/>\nFrom California to the New York island;<br \/>\nFrom the red wood forest to the Gulf Stream waters<br \/>\nThis land was made for you and Me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">As I was walking that ribbon of highway,<br \/>\nI saw above me that endless skyway:<br \/>\nI saw below me that golden valley:<br \/>\nThis land was made for you and me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">I&#8217;ve roamed and rambled and I followed my footsteps<br \/>\nTo the sparkling sands of her diamond deserts;<br \/>\nAnd all around me a voice was sounding:<br \/>\nThis land was made for you and me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">When the sun came shining, and I was strolling,<br \/>\nAnd the wheat fields waving and the dust clouds rolling,<br \/>\nAs the fog was lifting a voice was chanting:<br \/>\nThis land was made for you and me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">As I went walking I saw a sign there<br \/>\nAnd on the sign it said <em>\u00abNo Trespassing.\u00bb<\/em><br \/>\nBut on the other side it didn&#8217;t say nothing,<br \/>\nThat side was made for you and me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">In the shadow of the steeple I saw my people,<br \/>\nBy the relief office I seen my people;<br \/>\nAs they stood there hungry, I stood there asking<br \/>\nIs this land made for you and me?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">Nobody living can ever stop me,<br \/>\nAs I go walking that freedom highway;<br \/>\nNobody living can ever make me turn back<br \/>\nThis land was made for you and me.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"left\"><strong>\u2022\u2192<a href=\"http:\/\/www.c-spanvideo.org\/program\/301518-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.c-spanvideo.org\/program\/301518-1<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2666 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=O8ad6nrfioE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Woody Guthrie at 100<\/a>\u00a0\u21d0<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.democracynow.org\/appearances\/will_kaufman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u2022\u00a0Will Kaufman<\/a><\/strong>, professor of American literature &amp; culture at the University of Central Lancashire (UK): author of\u00a0<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.democracynow.org\/appearances\/pete_seeger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u2022\u00a0Pete Seeger<\/a><\/strong>, legendary folk singer and activist.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.democracynow.org\/appearances\/billy_bragg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u2022\u00a0Billy Bragg<\/a><\/strong>, British musician and activist. With Wilco, he has released two albums of Woody Guthrie music.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Commemorations are being held across the country this year to mark the hundredth anniversary of the birth of one of the country\u2019s greatest songwriters, <strong>Woody Guthrie<\/strong>. Born on July 14, 1912, in Okemah, Oklahoma, Guthrie wrote hundreds of folk songs, including \u00ab<em>This Land Is Your Land,\u00bb \u00abPastures of Plenty,\u00bb \u00abPretty Boy Floyd,\u00bb \u00abDo Re Mi\u00bb<\/em> and this song, \u00ab<em>The Ranger\u2019s Command.\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>NARRATOR:<\/strong>\u00a0Two fragments of film survive of Guthrie performing. One of them, lost in the archives for 40 years has only just come to light.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE: \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0[singing]<\/p>\n<p><em>But the rustlers broke on us in the dead hours of night;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>She \u2019rose from her blanket, a battle to fight.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>She \u2019rose from her blanket with a gun in each hand,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Said: Come all of you cowboys, fight for your land.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0A rare 1945 video recording of Woody Guthrie. Known as the <strong>Dust Bowl Troubadour,<\/strong> Guthrie became a major influence on countless musicians, including Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, Pete Seeger and Phil Ochs. While Woody Guthrie is best remembered as a musician, he also had a deeply political side. At the height of McCarthyism, Guthrie spoke out for labor and civil rights and against fascism. He died in 1967 after a long battle with Huntington\u2019s disease. But his music lives on.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Over the next hour, we\u2019ll hear from folk singer Pete Seeger, the British musician Billy Bragg and the historian Will Kaufman. But first, <strong>Woody Guthrie,<\/strong> in his own words, being interviewed by the musicologist Alan Lomax<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>ALAN\u00a0LOMAX:<\/strong>\u00a0What did your family do? What kind of people were they, and where did they come from?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, they come in there from Texas in the early day. My dad got to Oklahoma right after statehood. He was the first clerk of the county court in Okemah, Oklahoma, after statehood, as he is known as one of them old, hard-hitting, fist-fighting Democrats, you know, that run for office down there, and they used to miscount the votes all the time. So every time that my dad went to town, it was common the first question that I ask him when he come riding in on a horse that evening, I\u2019d say, \u00abWell, how many fights did you have today?\u00bb And then he\u2019d take me up on his knee, and he\u2019d proceed to tell me who he is fighting and why and all about it. \u00abPut her there, boy. We\u2019ll show these fascists what a couple hillbillies can do.\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>ALAN\u00a0LOMAX:<\/strong>\u00a0Where did you live? On a farm?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, no, I was born there in that little town. My dad built a six-room house. Cost him about $7,000 or $8,000. And the day after he got the house built, it burned down.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>ALAN\u00a0LOMAX:<\/strong>\u00a0What kind of a place was Okemah? How big was it, when you remember it, when you were a kid?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, in them days, it was a little town, about 1,500, and then 2,000. A few years later, it got up to about 5,000. They struck some pretty rich oil pools all around there\u2014Grayson City and Slick City and Cromwell and Seminole and Bowlegs and Sand Springs and Springhill. And all up and down the whole country there, they got oil. Got some pretty nice old fields \u2019round Okemah there.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>ALAN\u00a0LOMAX:<\/strong>\u00a0Did any of the oil come in your family?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0No, no, we got the grease.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Woody Guthrie being interviewed by Alan Lomax.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We turn now to <strong>Will Kaufman<\/strong>, author of the new book,\u00a0<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>. Kaufman is a professor of American literature and culture at the University of Central Lancashire, England. He\u2019s also a musician who\u2019s performed hundreds of musical presentations on Woody Guthrie. I interviewed Will Kaufman recently and asked him to talk about Woody Guthrie\u2019s childhood.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, he was born in Okemah, Oklahoma, as you said, in 1912. He was born to a middle-class, fairly right-wing family. His father, Charlie Guthrie, was a small-town politician, a real estate agent and Klan supporter, supporter of the Ku Klux Klan.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Some said he was a Klansman.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah, there\u2019s no documentary evidence to firmly establish that Charlie Guthrie was a member of the Klan, but there\u2019s no doubt that he supported them. There\u2019s some anecdotal evidence that he sometimes rode out with them on their adventures and may have participated in a lynching. That affected Woody years later. But there\u2019s no indication that Woody was particularly all that political when he was growing up in Okemah. And then after a number of family tragedies, like the burning down of their house, the death of his older sister in a house fire, the near-fatal burning of his father in a third fire, and the incarceration of his mother in the Oklahoma state mental asylum\u2014she wasn\u2019t crazy; she had the misunderstood and undiagnosed Huntington\u2019s disease\u2014where after all these tragedies, Woody went to join his father in another boom-to-bust oil town in the Texas Panhandle, a place called Pampa, Texas. He dropped out of high school after two years, became a sign painter, married, had his first two children, and then sat there and watched as the Dust Bowl hit the center of the United States, and, you know, tens of thousands of square miles of destroyed farmland just wiped out. Woody was there. And he began to write about the dust.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 [singing]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Back in Nineteen Twenty-Seven,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I had a little farm and I called that heaven.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Well, the prices up and the rain come down,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I hauled my crops all into town<\/em>\u00a0\u2014<br \/>\n<em>I got the money, bought clothes and groceries,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Fed the kids, and raised a family.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>Rain quit and the wind got high,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And the black ol\u2019 dust storm filled the sky.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I swapped my farm for a Ford machine,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I poured it full of this gas-i-line<\/em>\u00a0\u2014<br \/>\n<em>And I started, rockin\u2019 an\u2019 a-rollin\u2019,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Over the mountains, out towards the old Peach Bowl.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Some of those Dust Bowl ballads come out of, really, his late teens and early twenties, you know. Then he joined about half-a-million other migrants heading westwards towards California, where they had heard there was lots of work out there\u2014and, of course, they were wrong. And it\u2019s there in California when Woody gets\u2014he sort of hooks up with the right people, I suppose, and gets involved in the Popular Front out there in California, and this is the beginning of\u2014really, of his politicization. As you said, began writing columns for the\u00a0<em>People\u2019s World<\/em>\u00a0out there and\u2014in Los Angeles, and got a show on a progressive radio station,\u00a0KFVD, out in Los Angeles, and begins to circulate around the migrant camps, where the Okies, as they were pejoratively called, were living in old dwellings of tar, paper and tin and old packing crates and the bodies of abandoned cars, under railroad bridges, by the side of rivers and what have you, and getting their heads broken when they dared to organize into unions. And Woody began to witness that and began to write about it. And so, he began to see music as a political weapon then.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Will Kaufman, talk about 1937, the turning point for Woody Guthrie as he takes on racial issues in this country.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah, he\u2014he arrived in California, I think, with the influence of having grown up in a state dominated by the Klan and growing up in a family that supported the Klan. He wasn\u2019t all that racially enlightened when he went out to California. There\u2019s evidence in the Archives that he would, you know, write these mock poems about Africans\u2014African Americans are bathing on the beach in Santa Monica with the\u2014you know, giving off the Ethiopian smell and with jungle rhythms pounding in their veins. And he\u2019d happily sing songs using the N-word and words like \u00abcoons\u00bb and stuff like that, which were part of that white mountain tradition. And so, he\u2019s on this radio station sometime in 1937, and he announces that he\u2019s going to play a song from Uncle Dave Macon on the Grand Ole Opry, and Gid Tanner and the Skillet Lickers, as well, recorded it, a lovely song called \u00abRun, Nigger, Run.\u00bb And he announces it, and he plays it.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And he gets a letter from a member of his listening audience the next day. And I know that letter by heart. I\u2019ve seen it. He says, \u00abYou were getting along pretty well on your program tonight, until you announced your nigger blues. I\u2019m a Negro, a young Negro in college. And I certainly resented your remark. No person or person of any intelligence uses that word over the radio today.\u00bb And that letter really hit Woody like a slap in the face. He was mortified. He apologized profusely on the air the next day. He made a big point of dramatically tearing out the song sheet from his notebook and tearing it to shreds and promising he would never use that word again. And as he later said, \u00abI apologize to the Negro people for the frothings that I let slip out of the corners of my mouth.\u00bb So this is the beginning of his conversion, I suppose, to eventually becoming one of the most ardent champions and activists for racial equality.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0You mentioned the lynching that occurred a year before he was born that his father\u2014<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014may well have been involved with.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Talk about how it came back.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, there was\u2014about a year before Woody\u2019s birth, there was a policeman in Okemah named George Loney, who went to the house of a fellow named Nelson, going to arrest him. I think the charge was sheep stealing or something minor like that. And I don\u2019t think Nelson was there. But certainly his wife Laura and his 12-year-old son Lawrence and a little baby, they were there. And this policeman was apparently very violent, very threatening. And young Lawrence thought that his mother was in danger, and he grabbed a rifle, shot this policeman in the leg. Policeman bled to death on their front lawn.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lynch mob\u2014well, first of all, Laura and Lawrence and the baby are brought to the jail near Okemah. And then, about a week later, a lynch mob breaks into the jail, drags them to the Canadian River railroad bridge just outside of Okemah. Laura was lynched. Lawrence, 15-year-old\u201413- to 15-year-old boy, was lynched, after being sexually humiliated in public. And the baby is left crying by the side of the road. And the citizens of Okemah were so pleased with their handiwork that soon they were selling postcards to commemorate it. And Woody saw that postcard, and he actually wrote a song about that. If you want to hear it, I can do it. He never recorded it. It\u2019s called \u00abDon\u2019t Kill My Baby and My Son.\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>[singing . . .]<\/p>\n<p><em>As I walked down that old dark town<\/em><br \/>\n<em>In the town where I was born,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I heard the saddest lonesome moan<\/em><br \/>\n<em>That I ever heard before.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>My hair it trembled at the roots<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Cold chills run down my spine,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>As I drew near that jail house<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I heard this deathly cry:<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>Don\u2019t kill my baby and my son,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Don\u2019t kill my baby and my son.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>You can stretch my neck from that old river bridge,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>But don\u2019t kill my baby and my son.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Will Kaufman, author of\u00a0<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>. How do you know that melody and that song if Woody Guthrie never recorded it?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah, I\u2019ve seen the words. Woody really didn\u2019t\u2014he didn\u2019t write any music. He only wrote lyrics, effectively. I mean, he may\u2014I think he wrote one mandolin tune called \u00abWoody\u2019s Rag\u00bb or something like that. But effectively, what he would do is, for the most part, he would write lyrics down, and sometimes he would actually say, you know, \u00abto be sung to the tune of &#8216;Streets of Laredo'\u00bb or something, and he would have a folk song in his head or even a song that, like, a friend of his like Leadbelly wrote. He didn\u2019t really care. You know, he\u2019d steal\u2014he\u2019d steal music, you know, right and left, and admit it. So, for that one in particular, for instance, you could tell\u2014if you know the American traditional, you know, folk repertoire, you could tell sometimes what kind of\u2014what song he had as a pattern in his head. And I could tell by reading the lyrics that he had the old tune \u00abWild Bill Jones\u00bb in his head, so I just put it to \u00abWild Bill Jones.\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0In 1940, Woody Guthrie moves to New York.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Right.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Why?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0He moves to New York because he has been involved in the labor struggles in the Californian fields, in Kern County, in particular, Madera County\u2014Kern County mostly. And, well, there were quite a few defeats in the Californian fields at that point, and he befriended Will Geer, who people may know. Later on, he was the actor who played Grandpa Walton in\u00a0<em>The Waltons<\/em>. Well, he was a very good friend of Woody Guthrie and John Steinbeck, political activist, communist activist. And Geer was going to New York to star in<em>Tobacco Road<\/em>, a Broadway version of\u00a0<em>Tobacco Road<\/em>, and suggested to Woody, \u00abLook, you know, why don\u2019t you come out? Why don\u2019t you come out to New York? There\u2019s a lot going on there.\u00bb And so Woody deposited his long-suffering family in Texas, back in Pampa, and hitchhiked to New York in 1940. And that really was the only\u2014I suppose the only permament home that he had for the rest of his life would have been New York City.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0And talk about what being in New York meant for him. Who did he meet? What was he singing?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, he was singing some interesting songs, first of all\u2014writing some interesting songs, because as he was hitchhiking north and east our of Texas in that bitter cold new year of 1940, all he\u2019s hearing on the radio is Kate Smith singing Irving Berlin\u2019s \u00abGod Bless America.\u00bb And that\u2019s\u2014that was the big hit of the year. And Woody hated that song.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>KATE\u00a0SMITH:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0[singing]<\/p>\n<p><em>God bless America<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Land that I love.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Stand beside her, and guide her<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Through the night with a light from above.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Now, I mean, there\u2019s two ways you can look at that song. You can look at \u00abGod Bless America,\u00bb written by Irving Berlin, all right\u2014it\u2019s the fearful prayer, almost, of a European Jewish immigrant to the United States who\u2019s nervously watching the rise of fascism in Europe and praying that it won\u2019t happen over here. He actually wrote it back in 1917 and put it away. But, you know, looking at Hitler across the sea, he\u2019s maybe thinking it\u2019s time for that song to be resurrected. So that\u2019s a charitable way of looking at it. It\u2019s not bombastic, it\u2019s not patriotic; it\u2019s fearful, and it\u2019s hopeful.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">That\u2019s not the way Woody saw it. Woody saw it as a strident, jingoistic, complacent, tub-thumping anthem to American greatness. And now, he had just come from the Dust Bowl. He\u2019d just come from the barbed-wire gates of California\u2019s Eden there. He\u2019d seen the Hoovervilles. He\u2019d seen the bread lines. He\u2019d seen labor activists getting their head busted. And so, he\u2019s thinking, what\u2014God bless\u2014what America, you know, is Kate Smith singing of? So he sits down and writes a song in response to Irving Berlin, and he calls it \u00abGod Blessed America for Me.\u00bb And later on, he decides to come back to that song and change the title, change the verses, change the refrain, and it becomes \u00abThis Land Was Made for You and Me.\u00bb And then he puts it away. So, that\u2019s one of the songs he\u2019s writing in 1940.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 [singing]<\/p>\n<p><em>I roamed and rambled and I followed my footsteps<\/em><br \/>\n<em>To the sparkling sands of her diamond deserts;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And all around me a voice was sounding:<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This land was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>There was a big high wall there that tried to stop me<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Sign was painted, said \u00abPrivate Property\u00bb<\/em><br \/>\n<em>But on the back side it didn\u2019t say nothing<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This land was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Let\u2019s talk about \u00ab<em>This Land Is Your Land\u00bb<\/em> \u2014<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0OK.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014and what it became, in fact, for President Obama\u2019s inauguration.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah. I think probably the biggest audience, single audience, ever to hear that song was the inaugural concert for Barack Obama, where Bruce Springsteen and Pete Seeger sang the restored version. Because, you see, <em>\u00abThis Land Is Your Land\u00bb<\/em> has an interesting history. It starts off as \u00ab<em>God Blessed America for Me.<\/em>\u00bb And it contains a couple of killer anti-capitalist verses that I don\u2019t remember singing in school, you know? And three of those verses were the ones that\u2014I mean, one verse, Woody recorded one verse, I believe, in an unreleased version, about excoriating private property. But there\u2019s other verses in there. And, you know, that\u2019s what Pete\u2014Pete said, you know, \u00abI\u2019ll sing this song, as long as I can sing the whole thing,\u00bb and as I recorded it earlier, so you can hear the progression of that song from the angry and bitter satire that it originally was to the unofficial national anthem that it became.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Did Springsteen and Seeger sing the whole song?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0They did. They did. They sang the whole thing, and they sang it right into the face of American power, right into\u2014they had to sing it to the president of the United States. \u00abThere was a big high wall there that tried to stop me. Sign was painted saying &#8216;Private Property.&#8217; But on the other side, it didn\u2019t say nothing. That side was made for you and me.\u00bb You know? Big audience for that one.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>PETE\u00a0SEEGER\u00a0AND\u00a0BRUCE\u00a0SPRINGSTEEN:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>This land is your land, this land is my land<\/em><br \/>\n<em>From California to the New York island;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>From the redwood forest to the Gulf Stream waters<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This land was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>I roamed and rambled and I followed my footsteps<\/em><br \/>\n<em>To the sparkling sands of her diamond deserts;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And all around me a voice was sounding:<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This land was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>This land is your land, this land is my land<\/em><br \/>\n<em>From California to the New York island;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>From the redwood forest to the Gulf Stream waters<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This land was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>In the squares of the city, by the shadow of a steeple;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>By the relief office, I saw my people.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>As they stood there hungry, I stood there wistless,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This land was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>There was a big high wall there that tried to stop me<\/em><br \/>\n<em>A great big sign there said \u00abPrivate Property\u00bb<\/em><br \/>\n<em>But on the back side it didn\u2019t say nothing<\/em><br \/>\n<em>That sign was made for you and me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Pete Seeger and Bruce Springsteen singing \u00ab<em>This Land Is Your Land\u00bb<\/em> in 2009, a day before President Obama was inaugurated. This is\u00a0<em>Democracy Now!<\/em>, democracynow.org,\u00a0<em>The War and Peace Report<\/em>, with a Woody Guthrie special. I\u2019m Amy Goodman. Woody Guthrie was born a hundred years ago, on July 14, 1912. We\u2019re continuing our conversation with Will Kaufman, author of\u00a0<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>. I asked him to talk more about Guthrie\u2019s move east in 1940.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0He gets to New York. Will Geer is putting on a\u2014organizing a concert, a benefit concert for the John Steinbeck Agricultural Committee.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Which is what?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0The Steinbeck Committee to Aid Agricultural [Organization] migrants, it was a benefit\u2014fundraising organization that was just raising money for the migrants, for the Dust Bowl migrants, out in California. Steinbeck didn\u2019t have anything to do with it except lending his name, his name to it.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Of course, he wrote\u00a0<em>The Grapes of Wrath<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0And he wrote\u00a0<em>The Grapes of Wrath<\/em>, of course, yeah, and became a friend of Woody Guthrie\u2019s there in California. So Woody said, \u00abYeah, of course I\u2019ll sign up to that.\u00bb And so, Will Geer has\u2014for this New York concert, he has a roster of some of the top up-and-coming political folk singers there, also Alan Lomax, who\u2019s probably one of the most important figures there. He\u2019s the archivist of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress and also a musicologist, folk song collector, like his certainly more conservative father John Lomax was. And so, Alan Lomax also had gathered around him a number of important folk singers: young Pete Seeger, Harvard dropout, Lee Hays from the Commonwealth College, \u00abLeadbelly\u00bb Huddie Ledbetter, Josh White, other black musicians from the Piedmont. And so, that is the concert in which\u2014when Woody Guthrie first meets Pete Seeger. Lomax later said, \u00abGo back to that night when Woody first met Pete, and you can date the renaissance of American folk music to that night.\u00bb You know.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Will Kaufman is author of\u00a0<em>American Radical.<\/em>\u00a0During an\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.democracynow.org\/2006\/7\/3\/we_shall_overcome_an_hour_with\">interview<\/a>on\u00a0<em>Democracy Now!<\/em>, the legendary folk singer Pete Seeger talked about Alan Lomax and Woody Guthrie.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>PETE\u00a0SEEGER:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, Alan got me started, and many others. He\u2019s the man who told Woody Guthrie, he says, \u00abWoody Guthrie, your mission in life is to write songs. Don\u2019t let anything distract you. You\u2019re like the people who wrote the ballads of Robin Hood and the ballad of Jesse James. You keep writing ballads as long as you can.\u00bb And Woody took it to heart. He wasn\u2019t a good husband. He was always running off, but he wrote songs, as you know.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Do you remember when you first met Woody Guthrie?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>PETE\u00a0SEEGER:<\/strong>\u00a0Oh, yeah, I\u2019ll never forget it. It was a benefit concert for California agricultural workers on Broadway at midnight. Burl Ives was there, the Golden Gate Quartet, Josh White, Leadbelly, Margo Mayo Square Dance Group, with my wife dancing in it. I sang one song very amateurishly and retired in confusion to a smattering of polite applause.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But Woody took over and for 20 minutes entranced everybody, not just with singing, but storytelling. \u00abI come from Oklahoma, you know? It\u2019s a rich state. You want some oil? Go down in the ground. Get you some hole. Get you more oil. If you want lead, we got lead in Oklahoma. Go down a hole and get you some lead. If you want coal, we got coal in Oklahoma. Go down a hole, get you some coal. If you want food, clothes or groceries, just go in the hole and stay there.\u00bb Then he\u2019d sing a song.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0In 1940, Woody Guthrie appeared on a New York radio program featuring the folk singer Leadbelly.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>RADIO\u00a0ANNOUNCER:<\/strong>\u00a0Good afternoon. Your municipal station presents another in the series, \u00abFolks Songs of America,\u00bb featuring that great Negro folk singer of Louisiana, Huddie Ledbetter, better known to you as Leadbelly. And Leadbelly has as his guest today the dustiest Dust Bowler of them all, Woody Guthrie of Oklahoma.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WOODY\u00a0GUTHRIE:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, I think now we\u2019re going to sing you one. Here\u2019s a song here that has to do with a book and a motion picture that come out here a while back by the name of\u00a0<em>The Grapes of Wrath<\/em>, wrote down by a man, John Steinbeck, who threw the pack on his back and went right out amongst the people to see just what is going on in the United States. And it just so happened that he hit a jackpot, because he knew what\u2014where he was going and knew what he was writing about. So, I didn\u2019t read the book, but then I seen the picture three times. And I come home, and I sat down. I wrote up a little piece about it. The name of this is \u00abThe Ballad of Tom Joad.\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[singing . . . ]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Tom Joad got out of that old McAlester Pen<\/em><br \/>\n<em>There he got his parole<\/em><br \/>\n<em>After four long years on a man killing charge<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Tom Joad come a walking down the road, poor boy<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Tom Joad come a walking down the road<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>It was there he found him a truck driving man<\/em><br \/>\n<em>There he got him a ride<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Said: \u00abI just got a-loose from the old penitentiary<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Charge called Homicide, poor boy, it was a charge called Homicide.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Woody Guthrie performing on the radio in 1940. That same year, he formed the Almanac Singers with Pete Seeger and others. I asked Will Kaufman, author of\u00a0<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>, to talk about the significance of the group.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0The Almanac Singers were really spearheaded by Pete Seeger and Millard Lampell and Lee Hays, and it had various personnel in this band. They were a\u2014really wanted to form, I guess, what would have been the first self-consciously proletarian, progressive music group in America, group of singers. The idea was using song as a means of championing the union movement and the anti-intervention movement, until of course the war starts, and then they do their flip-flop and go from being anti-interventionists into war champions. They didn\u2019t last very long. They\u2019re dissolved, they\u2019re broken up by about 1942. But they wrote quite a few songs which were sort of the prototype for many of the political folk groups that followed, including the Weavers, which in a sense grows out of the Almanac Singers, as some of the same people who were in that group become the Weavers, as well.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Paul Robeson\u2014when did Woody Guthrie meet Paul Robeson, the famous singer, actor, dogged by the U.S. government, by the\u00a0FBI? They took back his passport.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah. He would have\u2014I guess it would have been around in the late &#8217;40s, when he actually met Robeson, because both of them were on the board of People&#8217;s Songs, which was an organization started by Pete Seeger as a means, again, of energizing the union movement through song. And he admired Paul Robeson very much. I don\u2019t believe he ever sang with them. I saw one letter in which he mentions having met him. But he certainly supported him. And he was there, of course, during these\u2014the Peekskill Riots of 1949.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, talk about the Peekskill Riots. Exactly what happened?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0OK, 1949, August, late August, early September of 1949, the Civil Rights Congress, through People\u2019s Songs, got Paul Robeson to agree to sing a benefit concert at the golfing grounds up in\u2014or the Lakeland picnic area up in Peekskill, Westchester County. And before Robeson even got to the grounds, he never\u2014in fact, he never even made it to the grounds, because for the whole previous week, the<em>Peekskill Evening Star<\/em>\u00a0and other local newspapers and the Ku Klux Klan and other right-wing organizations were firing up the populists to prevent Robeson and to prevent his followers from coming to Peekskill. Robeson\u2014you know, it was all this Robeson, you know, Jew-loving commie kind of stuff like that, because Robeson had declared\u2014his crime was declaring, in the midst of the Cold War, that no African American would voluntarily go to war with the Soviet Union. He\u2019d been to the Soviet Union. He said he was treated with more respect there than he was ever treated in the United States. And for that heresy, he was met with a burning cross on the hills above Peekskill, which, you know, kind of proved his point. And so, he never made it to the grounds there, but the concertgoers did. They were on the grounds there, and they were met by masked gangs of men and women and teenagers hurling rocks and abuse and beating them up with, you know, fence posts and baseball bats, and destroying the grounds and what have you.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And so, Robeson is not able to sing at Peekskill that week. But he makes a declaration. He says, \u00abI don\u2019t get scared when fascism comes near, like it has at Peekskill.\u00bb And he says, \u00abI\u2019m going to come back in a week, and I\u2019m going to sing this concert.\u00bb And in the intervening week, they amass between 20,000 and 30,000 supporters to protect Robeson and to protect the concertgoers. And they make it into the grounds. He sings the concert. He\u2019s buzzed by police helicopters,\u00a0FBIhelicopters, who try to destroy the sound. But he sings the concert. And then, there\u2019s no violence on the grounds, but the concertgoers, as they\u2019re leaving, they are directed deliberately into an ambush road by the Westchester County police. And all along the road there, there are gangs of teenagers and mostly young people with rocks and boulders piled high at periodic staging posts along the road all the way towards the Bronx, on bridges overhead. And they are destroying the cars. They\u2019re throwing boulders through the windows. Glass is shattering. Hundreds of people are getting injured. Pete Seeger was there. He recalled what it was like to have his car surrounded by mobs, rocked back and forth. He\u2019s got, even now, embedded into his chimney breast in his home up in Beacon, New York, a huge boulder which had crashed through the windscreen and almost killed his young son Danny. And this is collusion between the Westchester County police and the Ku Klux Klan and the gangs and the newspapers and what have you.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>And Woody Guthrie was there. He was\u2014I was\u2014really been surprised that none of the major biographies about Woody have made a point of actually placing him physically at Peekskill, because he was so astounded by what he saw. He was on a bus with Lee Hays, and he said, you know, \u00abI\u2019ve seen some bad stuff, but this is about the worst I have ever seen.\u00bb And Lee Hays remembered that, that, you know, Woody was leading these frightened people in the bus. He was leading them in singing songs, like I\u2019m\u2014you know, \u00abTakes a worried man to sing a worried song, I\u2019m worried now but I won\u2019t be worried long.\u00bb And he\u2019s got really good attitude to him. You know, he\u2019s making quite brave jokes, like, you know, \u00abAnybody got a rock? There\u2019s a window what needs to be opened back here.\u00bb You know, things like that. And at one point, Hays remembered that Woody pinned up a shirt against the window to stop the glass from breaking inwards, and he said, \u00abWouldn\u2019t you know it? Woody pinned up a red shirt.\u00bb You know.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And Woody was so astounded by what he saw, in the space of a month he wrote like 20, 25 songs about Peekskill, that he never recorded. He put them into a\u2014he put them into a makeshift little collection of songs called \u00abPeekskill Songs.\u00bb He never recorded any of them, but Billy Bragg, you know, the English radical folk singer\u2014about 20 years ago, Nora Guthrie, Woody\u2019s daughter, who presided over the Archives, began inviting contemporary musicians in to put some of her dad\u2019s lyrics to music. And one of these that Billy Bragg put to music didn\u2019t end up on the double album that came out of there,\u00a0<em>Mermaid Avenue<\/em>, it was called, that he did with Wilco, but they did record it. It didn\u2019t end up in the final track, but it\u2019s one of Woody\u2019s great odes to Paul Robeson and what happened at Peekskill.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>[singing . . . ]<\/p>\n<p><em>Paul Robeson he\u2019s the man<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Who faced down the Ku Klux Klan<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Over Peekskill\u2019s golfing ground<\/em><br \/>\n<em>His words came sounding<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And all around him there<\/em><br \/>\n<em>To jump and clap and cheer<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I sent the best I had<\/em><br \/>\n<em>My thirty thousand.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>The Klansman leader said<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Old Paul would lose his head<\/em><br \/>\n<em>When thirty-five thousand vets<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Broke up his concert.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>But less than four thousand came<\/em><br \/>\n<em>To side in with the Klan<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And around Paul\u2019s lonesome oak<\/em><br \/>\n<em>My thirty thousand.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>A beersoaked brassy band<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Went snortling around the grounds<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Four hundred noble souls<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Westchester\u2019s manhood<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And you know they looked exactly like<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Fleas on a tiger\u2019s back<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Or lost fish in the waters of<\/em><br \/>\n<em>My thirty thousand.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>When Paul had sung and gone<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Mothers and babies going home<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Cops came with guns and clubs<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And they clubbed and beat \u2019em<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Well I would hate to be a cop<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Caught with a bloody stick,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>&#8216;Cause you can&#8217;t bash the brains<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Of thirty thousand.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>Each eye you tried to gouge,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Each skull you tried to crack<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Has got a thousand thousand friends<\/em><br \/>\n<em>All along this green grass<\/em><br \/>\n<em>If you furnish the skull someday<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I\u2019ll pass out the clubs and guns<\/em><br \/>\n<em>To the billion hands that love<\/em><br \/>\n<em>My thirty thousand.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>Each wrinkle on your face<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I will know it at a glance<\/em><br \/>\n<em>You cannot run and hide<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Nor duck nor dodge them<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And your carcass and your deeds<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Will fertilize the seeds<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Of the ones who stood to guard<\/em><br \/>\n<em>My thirty thousand.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Will Kaufman, American radical, Woody Guthrie.<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>\u00a0is his book. Howard Fast said about Peekskill, \u00abThat\u2019s the sound of Fascism. Not in Germany, but here in America. Remember it!\u00bb Talk more about the red-baiting at that time and how Guthrie responded to that.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Well, it was going on\u2014the red-baiting really started with the\u2014even before, I suppose, the election of Truman in the late &#8217;40s. First what Woody watches, to his astonishment, is the purging of the union movement. I mean, the communist movement, the Communist Party and affiliated organizations had worked to build the American\u2014many of the American unions and the\u00a0CIO\u00a0and what have you. And then they join in the purge, right after the war, of much of the left wing and much of the militancy of the labor movement. So that&#8217;s the first thing that Woody watches to his utter disillusionment. He calls himself\u2014he says, you know, \u00abMy radical soul is so lonesome at this point.\u00bb He feels increasingly marginalized politically.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And then, of course, with the Cold War and the Truman doctrine about containing communism in Greece, Woody writes songs against Truman, writes songs expressing his astonishment that Britain and the United States could support the Greek monarchy against the workers rising there, and just sees not only the labor movement and the union movement becoming increasingly\u2014the fangs brought out of it, drawn out of it, but then elsewhere in the wider culture, where basically McCarthyism takes hold. He sees Hanns Eisler being deported and writes a song about that, expressing his fears about what life in a McCarthy-dominated America might be like.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But then something happens. His Huntington\u2019s disease kicks in seriously about 1952, and so he is increasingly immobilized, increasingly\u2014his behavior is increasingly more erratic, and he finds that he has difficulty writing. He can\u2019t speak as well. He can\u2019t\u2014he gets increasing bodily\u2014a lack of coordination. And he sort of drops out\u2014after 1952, 1953, he\u2019s pretty\u2014he\u2019s sort of becoming less and less of a public figure at that point. But he is watching from the sidelines what is going on.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pete Seeger gets called to the McCarthy committee. Well, McCarthy is gone, but the committee is certainly still there, 1955. And unlike Burl Ives, who named names to the committee, and unlike Josh White, who called himself a communist dupe or a dupe of the communists, and they\u2014Woody excoriated them in letters. I mean, some real bitchy stuff coming out of Woody Guthrie about his former friends there. Pete Seeger decides to take the First Amendment, not the Fifth. He takes the First Amendment: \u00abYou have no right to ask me these questions, you sitting up there on that\u2014you know, in your inquisitorial dais there.\u00bb And so, he gets slapped with a contempt of Congress citation, and he\u2019s convicted. And he\u2019s looking at 10 years in jail. And it\u2019s not until 1961 that his conviction is overturned on a technicality\u2014got nothing to do with a moral standing. In fact, ironically, the judge who overturned it was Julius Hoffman, who sent the Rosenbergs to the chair. But\u2014<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Not so far away from where he was, at Sing Sing.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Not so far, that\u2019s right.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0In Ossining, New York.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0That\u2019s right, yeah, yeah. So, Woody is certainly aware of the McCarthy committee. He knew that he was on a number of lists, because he was mentioned a few times in\u00a0HUAC\u00a0testimony. He was named a few times. And he\u2019d say, you know, \u00abThank God I\u2019m on these lists. I mean, there\u2019d be something wrong if I wasn\u2019t on McCarthy\u2019s lists, you know?\u00bb Things like that.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0You mentioned that Pete Seeger went before HUAC\u2014<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014the House Un-American Activities Committee. Guthrie was never called before it, but he did write an impassioned defense of Pete Seeger.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah. It\u2019s one of the most heartbreaking things to read that I came across in the Archives. It\u2019s a letter that he wrote to Pete Seeger. And Woody\u2019s\u2014one of the symptoms of Huntington\u2019s disease is that it has an incredible impact upon one\u2019s sense of language\u2014sentence construction, spelling, wordplay, whatever. His biographer Joe Klein calls it \u00ablinguistic anarchy.\u00bb And so, he wrote a very moving letter to Pete Seeger, basically saying, \u00abLook, Pete, I hear you\u2019re not going to have\u2014you may not have to go to jail now, and that\u2019s great. But I\u2019ve never heard you say one evil or hateful or dangerous thing, and these people on this un-American committee are the most un-Americanistic people I\u2019ve ever heard of.\u00bb And stuff like that. So\u2014<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Would you like to read the letter?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah, when\u2014he\u2019s talking about Harold Leventhal, his manager, Harold Leventhal, or Hal, and Fred Hellerman of the Weavers, who came to visit Woody in hospital. And Woody wrote to Seeger. He says, \u00abHal and Freddy told me when they visited me here a few little weeks ago how you mite not have to go to jail for another two or more years for refusing to testify before my unnamerican committee theyre all a big bunch of the very unnnamericanistic people I ever did hear of. &#8230; To me you are just another goody martyr Pete over on my side of gods eternal love since I never did ever even hear you speakout actout nor so much as even breathe out one little breathe of hateyful hatreds of no earthy sort my crazy committee to me are always my very worst sorts of haters always anyways.\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0That was the letter that Woody Guthrie wrote\u2014<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0That Woody wrote to Pete Seeger.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014in defense of Pete Seeger.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Yeah.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Before\u00a0HUAC, the House Un-American Activities Committee. What did Woody Guthrie himself feel were his most important achievements?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WILL\u00a0KAUFMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0He would say, as he did say, just telling the stories of people who he encountered and putting their stories to music. He often said, \u00abYeah, I haven\u2019t written an original word in my life. Everything I write down is something I heard from you out there, and I\u2019m just telling you something you already know.\u00bb So he would say that he was\u2014used music as a means of telling stories that otherwise would not get told, from people who would not be heard otherwise. And as far as he was concerned, that was his life\u2019s mission.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Will Kaufman, author of\u00a0<em>Woody Guthrie, American Radical<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This is\u00a0<em>Democracy Now!<\/em>, democracynow.org,\u00a0<em>The War and Peace Report<\/em>. I\u2019m Amy Goodman. As we continue our Woody Guthrie special, we turn to the British rocker and activist, <strong>Billy Bragg<\/strong>. In 1998 and 2000, Bragg participated in two well-known albums paying tribute to Woody Guthrie. On\u00a0<em>Mermaid Avenue<\/em>\u00a0Volumes 1 and 2, Billy Bragg composed music for lyrics written by Woody Guthrie and performed many of the songs alongside the album\u2019s other main contributor, the band Wilco. I asked Billy Bragg to talk about how the project came about.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>BILLY\u00a0BRAGG:<\/strong>\u00a0About 20 years ago, it was now, I did a show here in New York City in Central Park with Pete Seeger to celebrate Woody\u2019s\u2014what would have been Woody\u2019s 80th birthday in 1992. And I met his daughter Nora, and she told me that in the Woody Guthrie archive they had lyrics of songs that Woody had written during his lifetime, which although Woody had written lyrics and music, he had actually kept the tunes in his head. He couldn\u2019t write music notation. Now, I can\u2019t do that. I don\u2019t write music notation, so I understood where he was coming from. And she invited me to come and look at some of these lyrics, with a view to write some new tunes, to give them life, really.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And I was a bit skeptical about this. I think I might have said to her something like, \u00abSurely this is Bob Dylan\u2019s job, not mine.\u00bb But she felt that she needed someone both from a different generation and also from perhaps, you know, another culture, to be able to step back a little bit from Woody, rather than someone who grew up singing \u00abThis Land Is Your Land.\u00bb And she saw a link, and there is a link, with myself and Woody. You know, Joe Strummer of The Clash, one of my heroes, was a huge Woody Guthrie fan. In fact, he used to call himself Woody before he called himself Joe Strummer. You know, obviously Dylan, another huge influence on me, was hugely influenced by Woody. And then you get back to the little guy himself. You know, he\u2019s the father of the political song tradition, as far as, you know, in our culture is concerned. So\u2014<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0Talk a little about him, for people, young people especially.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>BILLY\u00a0BRAGG:<\/strong>\u00a0Well\u2014yeah, well, Woody Guthrie was born in 1912 in Okemah, Oklahoma, and during the last Great American Depression, he was writing incredible songs about the internal migrations in the United States of America, people who had to leave the Dust Bowl, the areas of the Texas Panhandle, of Oklahoma, of Arizona, and move to the fruit orchards in California. It was a huge mass migration, similar to the kind of migration\u2014it\u2019s kind of a east-to-west migration. Now the migration is kind of like south to north that\u2019s going on. But that great migration is still going on. And Woody wrote these incredible songs and eventually ended up coming to New York City in 1940, lived out in Coney Island.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And although he himself never really had, during his lifetime, had a career in which he\u2014you know, anything like mine\u2014you know, he never did gigs, he never went on tour, he never sold T-shirts, he barely made records\u2014the people around him, people like Pete Seeger and the Weavers, were singing his songs and popularizing his songs. And this was particularly during the 1960s in the folk revival. And people like Bob Dylan, you know, had heard legend of this guy Woody Guthrie. It was almost like perhaps he might not exist. He might just be, you know, like Johnny Appleseed. People did think, in the &#8217;60s, did he exist? But he did exist, and he was actually\u2014he was infirm. He was suffering from a terrible degenerative disease called Huntington&#8217;s disease, and he was in the Brooklyn Hospital here in New York. Dylan saw him before he died. He died in 1967.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But his legacy was to write the\u2014I suppose, what you might call the founding songs of political pop, you know. And I would argue that he was the first alternative musician. He wrote his most famous song, \u00abThis Land Is Your Land,\u00bb as an alternative to the number one hit single in jukeboxes in 1940, when he was hitchhiking to New York. Every time he went and stopped in a bar, someone would put this song on the jukebox. And it was Irving Berlin\u2019s \u00abGod Bless America.\u00bb And he hated it. It was like, how can you say that about\u2014you know, it was still the Depression. In the 1940s, the Depression hadn\u2019t ended in the United States of America. It was only the Second World War that we ended the Depression. And he sat down, and he wrote this song called \u00abGod Blessed America for You and Me,\u00bb and which later became \u00abThis Land Was Made for You and Me.\u00bb So, Woody was the\u2014he was the first punk rocker, and the last Elizabethan balladeer. He was many, many things, Woody.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0So talk about some of the lyrics that you found.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>BILLY\u00a0BRAGG:<\/strong>\u00a0We\u2014the album that we made,\u00a0<em>Mermaid Avenue<\/em>, myself and Wilco in the late &#8217;90s, we actually recorded a lot more material that has never been released. And next year, we&#8217;re hoping to release that whole full third\u2014a whole third album, another 16-, 17-track stuff. But Woody\u2019s original songs, the songs that he wrote back in the 1930s\u2014you know, I mean, the one that I\u2019m going to play for you now, which is one of his classic songs, with these images of people losing their houses to the banks, of gamblers on the stock markets making millions, when ordinary working people can\u2019t afford to make ends meet, and of people dying for want of proper free healthcare, you know, this song could have been written anytime in the last five years, really, in the United States of America. Actually, this song is over 70 years old. It\u2019s called <em>\u00abI Ain\u2019t Got No Home in This World Anymore.\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>[singing . . .]<\/p>\n<p><em>I ain\u2019t got no home, I\u2019m just a-roamin\u2019 \u2019round,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Just a wanderin\u2019 worker, I go from town to town.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And the police make it hard for me no matter where I go<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>No, I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>My brothers and my sisters are stranded on this road,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>A long and dusty road that a million feet have trod;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Now the rich man took my home and drove me from my door<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>No, I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>I was farmin\u2019 on the shares, and always I was poor;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>My crops I laid into the banker\u2019s store.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And my wife took down and died all on the cabin floor,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>No, I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>I mined in your mines and I gathered in your corn<\/em><br \/>\n<em>I been working, mister, since the day that I was born<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Now I worry all the time like I never did before<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>No, I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><em>Now as I look around, it\u2019s mighty plain to see<\/em><br \/>\n<em>This world is such a strange and a funny place to be;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Where the gamblin\u2019 man is rich while the workin\u2019 man is poor,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>And I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>No, I ain\u2019t got no home in this world anymore.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>AMY\u00a0GOODMAN:<\/strong>\u00a0The British singer and activist, Billy Bragg, covering Woody Guthrie\u2019s song, \u00ab<em>I Ain\u2019t Got No Home in this World Anymore.\u00bb<\/em> Woody Guthrie was born a hundred years ago, on July 14, 1912.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>[DemocracyNow &#8211; JULY 4, 2012]<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a4 Arlo Guthrie <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">City of New Orleans is a folk song written by \u2192Steve Goodman, describing a train ride from Chicago to New Orleans via the Illinois Central Railroad in bittersweet and nostalgic terms. Goodman got the idea while traveling on the eponymous train for a visit to his wife&#8217;s [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":13025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[102,195,200,313],"class_list":["post-13024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lyrics2","tag-lyrics","tag-biography","tag-documentary","tag-america","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13024"}],"version-history":[{"count":65,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13024\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54309,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13024\/revisions\/54309"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/englishroam.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}